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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50
Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.
In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.
While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterature societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.
In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.
Câu hỏi:What is the author’s main purpose in the first paragraph of the passage?
- A. To offer a brief definition of cooperation
- B. To explain how cooperation differs from competition and conflict
- C. To urge readers to cooperate more often
- D. To show the importance of group organization and attitudes
Lời giải tham khảo:
Đáp án đúng: A
Thông tin: Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.
Dịch nghĩa: Hợp tác là nỗ lực chung của hai hoặc nhiều người để thực hiện một công việc hoặc đạt được một mục tiêu cùng nhau ấp ủ. Giống như đối thủ cạnh tranh và xung đột, có những hình thức khác nhau của sự hợp tác, dựa trên tổ chức và thái độ của nhóm.
Phương án A. To offer a brief definition of cooperation - để đưa ra một định nghĩa ngắn gọn về sự hợp tác; là phương án chính xác nhất.
Các đáp án còn lại:
B. To explain how cooperation differs from competition and conflict = Để giải thích hợp tác khác với cạnh tranh và xung đột như thế nào. Không có thông tin như vậy trong đoạn 1.
C. To urge readers to cooperate more often = Đôn dốc độc giả để hợp tác thường xuyên hơn.
Không có thông tin như vậy trong đoạn 1.
D. To show the importance of group organization and attitudes = Để thể hiện tầm quan trọng của tổ chức và thái độ của nhóm. Không có thông tin như vậy trong đoạn 1.
Câu hỏi này thuộc đề thi trắc nghiệm dưới đây, bấm vào Bắt đầu thi để làm toàn bài
Hướng dẫn Trắc nghiệm Online và Tích lũy điểm thưởng
CÂU HỎI KHÁC
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- Mark the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress: explanation, experiment, accomplishment, discov
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- Jenny: Thank you very much for your donation, Mr. Robinson.”- Mr. Robinson: ....................................”
- John: Well it was nice talking to you, but I have to dash
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- All we really know is that men, unlike animals, (32) .................. invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings,
- (33) .................. certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down.
- Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words that (34) .................. powerfully to our minds and emotions.
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- Why does the author mention the telephone in paragraph 2?
- Which of the sentences below best expresses the information in the statement Although the number .................. or the Internet.
- Based on information in paragraph 3, which of the following best explains the term
- Why does the author give details about the percentages of Internet users in paragraph 3?
- According to paragraph 4, why are fewer women and minorities employed in the field of computer technology?
- The word concentrations in the passage is closest in meaning to .............
- What can be inferred from paragraph 6 about Internet access?
- What is the authors main purpose in the 1st paragraph of the passage?
- The word cherished in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to..................
- Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in the text?
- Why do people join groups that practice secondary cooperation?
- Which of the following is an example of the 3rd form of cooperation as it is defined in the fourth paragraph?
- Which of the following is NOT given as a name for the third type of cooperation
- The word 'fragile' in paragraph four is closest in meaning to ..........
- Which of the following best describes the overall organization of the passage?
