Hoc247 xin giới thiệu đến các em tài liệu Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh: enough, too, so, such nhằm giúp các em ôn tập kiến thức và chuẩn bị tốt cho kì thi sắp tới. Hi vọng rằng đây sẽ là tài liệu bổ ích cho các em, chúc các em đạt thành tích cao trong học tập.
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH: ENOUGH, TOO, SO, SUCH
1. Lý thuyết
1.1. ENOUGH (đủ): có hai công thức cơ bản:
a) adj/adv + enough (for sb) to inf
b) enough + N (for sb) to inf
Các bạn lưu ý: tính từ, trạng từ thì đứng trước enough còn danh từ thì đứng sau enough
Ex:
He is strong enough to lift the box. (Anh ta đủ khỏe để nhấc cái hộp)
I don't have enough money to buy a car. (Tôi không có đủ tiền để mua xe hơi)
* Nếu chủ từ thực hiện cả 2 hành động (động từ chính và to inf ) là một thì không có phần (for sb),còn nếu là hai đối tượng khác nhau thì đối tượng thực hiện hành động to inf sẽ được thể hiện trong phần for sb
Ex:
I study well enough to pass the exam. (Tôi học giỏi đủ để thi đậu)
The exercise is not easy for me to do. (Bài tập không đủ dễ để tôi có thể làm được )
* Khi chủ từ và túc từ của V chính và túc từ của to inf là một thì túc từ đó được hiểu nghầm ,không viết ra
Ex:
The exercise is not easy for me to do it. (sai)
The exercise is not easy for me to do. (đúng)
1.2. TOO (quá):
S + V + too + Adj/ Adv (for sb) + to V
3 nguyên tắc cần nhớ khi nối câu dùng too...to
- Nguyên tắc thứ nhất : Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có: too ,so ,very , quite ,extremely... thì phải bỏ.
- Nguyên tắc thứ hai: Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb
- Nguyên tắc thứ ba: Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau
Ex:
He is so weak. He can't run. -> He is too weak to run.
The coffee was very hot. I could drink it. -> The coffee was too hot for me to drink.
1.3. SO ...THAT (quá ....đến nỗi )
SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + clause
- Cách nối câu dùng so...that
+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very, quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu có a lot of, lots of thì phải đổi thành much,many
+ Sau that viết lại toàn bộ mệnh đề
Ex:
He is very strong. He can lift the box .-> He is so strong that he can lift the box.
He ate a lot of food. He became ill. -> He ate so much food that he became ill.
He bought lots of books. He didn't know where to put them. -> He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them.
1.4. SUCH...THAT (quá... đến nỗi… )
SUCH( a/an) + adj + N + THAT + clause
- Cách nối câu dùng such….that
+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very, quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không dùng (a/an)
+ Nếu sau adj không có danh từ thì lấy danh từ ở đầu câu vào rồi thế đại từ vào chủ từ .
Ex:
He is a very lazy boy. No one likes him. -> He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
The coffee is too hot. I can't drink it. -> It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it.
Her voice is very soft. Everyone likes her. -> She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her.
+ Nếu trước danh từ có much, many thì phải đổi thành a lot of.
ex:
He bought many books. He didn't know where to put them.
-> He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to put them
2. Bài tập
Ex1: Put in the blanks with SO or SUCH:
1) Come on! Don’t walk ………..slowly.
2) I’ve never read ………..an interesting book.
3) Everything is …….expensive these days, isn’t it?
4) It was……….a boring film that I fell asleep at once.
5) The wind was ……….strong. It was difficult to sleep.
6) I like Tom and Ann. They are ……….nice.
7) I’m afraid I can’t remember. It was…….. a long time ago.
8) After living there for ………long, he must know the town very well.
9) Why are you in ……..a hurry?
10) We have………much to do.
Ex2: Fill in the blanks with SO MANY/SO MUCH
1) We have …………problems that we can’t go to bed early.
2) Why have you got………….furniture?
3) There was………….food that everyone ate too much.
4) There were…………guests that there weren’t enough food.
5) Why did you buy ……….beer?
6) Doctor Smith has ………….patients that he ‘s always busy.
7) I ate ……sandwiches that I felt ill.
8) My father has ………….things to do that he can’t come back home tonight.
9) They drank………..wine that they couldn’t walk.
10) The bank of this river has got ………..weeds that we can’t swim.
Ex3: Rewrite these sentences using the cues provided with SO/ SUCH/ TOO/ ENOUGH
1) We went to bed early because we were very tired.
We were so……………………..
2) The lesson is very difficult. We can’t understand it.
It is such…………………………………..
3) The car is so old that he doesn’t want to drive it.
It is such…………………………..
4) The weather was very cold. We couldn’t go out.
The weather was too……………...
5) The film was so interesting that we couldn’t miss it.
It was such………………..
6) David has too many girlfriends . He can’t remember all of their names.
David has so………………...
7) Tome drive too fast, so he often causes accidents.
Tom drives so…………………….
8) This is good tea. I think I’ll have another cup.
This is such………………………….....
9) John was very angry. He couldn’t say anything.
John was too……………………………..
10) These exercises are so long that I can’t finish them in an hour.
They are……………….
Ex4. Rewrite the sentences using TOO.....TO…
1) The weather is so bad that we can’t go out.
=> The weather is too……..
2) The film was so boring that we couldn’t go on seeing it.
=> The film was too…..
3) He was so old that he couldn’t run fast.
=> He was too…..
4) He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him.
=> He spoke too…..
5) The fair was so noisy that we couldn’t hear each other.
=> The fair was too….
6) You speak so fast that I can’t catch up with your words.
=> You speak too……
7) It is so early that we can’t go out.
=> It is too…..
8) The water is so hot that I can’t drink it.
=> The water is too……
9) The restaurant is so expensive that we can’t eat in that restaurant.
=> The restaurant is too………
10) He studied so badly that he couldn’t pass the exam.
=> He studied too…….
Ex5. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one sentence using too/enough with infinitive.
1. You are very young. You can't have a front-door key.
2. It is very cold. We can't bathe.
3. Would you be very kind and answer this letter by return?
4. I am rather old. I can't wear that kind of hat.
5. The ladder wasn't very long. It didn't reach the window.
6. He hadn't much money. He couldn't live on it. (Omit it.)
7. He was furious. He couldn't speak.
8. The fire isn't very hot. It won't boil a kettle.
9. Tom was very foolish. He told lies to the police.
10. You are quite thin. You could slip between the bars.
ĐÁP ÁN
Ex1.
1) So 2) such 3) so 4) such 5) so 6) so 7) such 8) so 9) such 10) so
Ex2.
1) so many 2) so many 3) so much 4) so many 5) so much
6) so much 7) so much 8) so many 9) so much 10) so much
Ex3.
1) We were so tired that we went to bed early.
2) It is such a difficult lesson that we can’t understand it.
3) It is such an old car that he doesn’t want to drive it.
4) The weather was too cold (for us) to go out.
5) It was such an interesting film that we couldn’t miss it.
6) David has so many friends that he can’t remember all of their names. .
7) Tom drives so fast that he often causes accidents.
8) This is such good tea that I think I’ll have another cup.
9) John was too angry to say anything.
10) They are such long exercises that I can’t finish them in an hour.
Ex4
1) The weather is too bad to go out.
2) The film was too boring for us to go on seeing.
3) He was too old to run fast.
4) He spoke too fast for us to understand.
5) The fair was too noisy for us to hear each other.
6) You speak too fast for me to catch up with.
7) It is too early for us to go out
8) The water is too hot for me to drink.
9) The restaurant is too expensive for us to eat in.
10) He studied too badly to pass the exam.
Ex5
1. too young to have
2. too cold to bathe
3. so kind as to answer/kind enough to answer
4. too old to wear
5. long enough to reach
6. enough money to live on
7. too furious to speak
8. hot enough to boil
9. foolish enough to tell/so foolish as to tell
10. thin enough to slip
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