Chuyên đề Verbs

CHUYÊN ĐỀ VERBS

I. Definition: To denote action, state, and be the most important part of sentences. Động từ dung để diễn tả hành động, hoạt động, trạng thái và sự tồn tại.

Classification: phân loại động từ

1. Auxiliary verbs: động từ trợ

1.1. Primary auxiliary verbs: Động từ trợ chính – là những động từ vừa có thể đảm nhận chức năng của một động từ chính, vừa có chức năng của động từ trợ. Gồm một số động từ như: be/ have/ do/need, etc. (These verbs can either be auxiliaries or lexical verbs)

a. Be:

Main verb: e.g.   She is the head of our company.

                            S        V

Lan has been to all big cities in Vietnam.

S           V

Be careful! Don’t be afraid to go!

Auxiliary verb:

e.g. She is doing her homework.

Lan was punished due to her carelessness.

b. Have:

+ Main verb:

e.g.   She has a lot of acquaintances but just a few close friends.

They were having the time of their life.

Auxiliary verb:  e.g.   They had had a car before we afforded one.

Lan was punished due to her carelessness.

She has studied here for five years now.

c. Do:

+ Main verb:

She does morning exercises regularly.

They did all they could in order to better their lives.

+ Auxiliary verb:

She doesn’t go jogging because the weather is so wet.

Lan did do that I think.

d. Need

+ Main verb:

She needs to start in order to get the last train to London.

Some more materials are urgently needed.

+ Auxiliary verb:

You needn’t hurry as we have much time left.

He need not say anything as it is not important for him to.

1.2. Modal verbs: Các động từ khuyết thiếu (động từ tình thái – Động từ được coi là động từ khuyết thiếu gồm: can/ could/ may/might/ must/ have to + base form/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ be going to + base form/ used to + base form/ ought to + base form/) tự thân không bảo đảm nghĩa cho câu nó cần kết hợp với một động từ mang nghĩa để hoàn thành nghĩa cho câu. Việc phát âm các động từ tình thái được thực hiện dưới hình thức strong form và weak form (xem chương trình sách giáo khoa Tiếng Anh 12 – NXB Giáo Dục Việt Nam 2006). Một số động từ tình thái và cách sử dụng cụ thể được trình bày dưới đây. (These are sometimes functional verbs).

a. “Can” is used to denote:

– ability:        e.g.      She can swim.

– deduction: e.g.       He gets up a bit later than usual so he can be late for school.

(high certainty)

speculation: e.g.  He hasn’t come up yet. He can have had something to do at home.

– others:	e.g.	Can you help me? Or Can I help you? (ask for help or offer to help)
		You can win if you want. (possibility)
– etc.
b. “Could” is used to denote:
– ability:	e.g.	She could swim when she was only eight.
– deduction: e.g.		He could be absent from school as he felt ill last night.
		(high certainty)
– speculation: e.g.		He hasn’t come up yet. He could have had trouble with his bike.
– others:	e.g.	Could you tell me how to get to the Square, please?
		(ask for direction)
		Could you speak louder, please! (polite request)
– etc.

c. “Be able to – inf” is used to denote

– ability:        e.g.      She was able to swim when she was only eight.

– future:          e.g.      He will be able to gain a seat at a university.

Note: “Be able to – inf”, to some extent, functions as “can” (present tense); “could” (past tense) and replaces “can” in future tense, but in fact, “Be able to – inf” denotes the ability at the time of speaking.

– etc.

d. “May” is used to denote:

– possibility: e.g.		It may rain soon.
– deduction: e.g.		He may be selected as our new manager. (low certainty)
– speculation:		e.g.   He hasn’t come up yet. He may have changed his mind.
		(low certainty)
– others:	e.g.	May I say something? (ask for permission)
– etc.
e. “Might” is used to denote:
– possibility: e.g.		It might be a nice day there then.
– deduction: e.g.		He might be selected as our new manager. (lower certainty)
– speculation:		e.g.   He hasn’t come up yet. He might have changed his mind.
		(lower certainty)
– etc.
f. “Must” is used to denote:
– obligation: e.g.		I must work hard to please my parents. (I myself want to do so.)
– deduction: e.g.		He must be selected as our new manager. (certainty)

speculation: e.g.  He hasn’t come up yet. He must have changed his mind.

(certainty)

g. “Have to – inf” is used to denote :

– compulsion:		e.g.  I have to work hard to please my parents.
		(My parents want me to do so.)
– past:	e.g.	He had to work hard to please his parents.
		(replace must in the past)
– future:	e.g.	He will have to work hard to please his parents.
		(replace must in the future)

h. “Ought to – inf” is used to denote:

I ought to write to him right now.

You oughtn’t to go now.

– A: Ought she to leave?			– B: Yes, I suppose she should.
– etc.
i. “Will” is used to denote:
– future:	e.g.	Our course will end in July.
– promise:	e.g.	I will try my best to win her heart. (also used as a swear)
– invitation: e.g.		My party is on Monday night, will you come?
– etc.
j. “Would” is used to denote:
– future in the past: e.g.			He said he would help me.
– invitation:		e.g.	Would you like a cold drink?
– possibility:		e.g.	If he tried harder, he would be successful now.
– etc.
k. “Shall” is used to denote:
– future:	e.g.	I shall be the 12th grade student next month.
		(for the subjects of I & We and formal way only)
– suggestion: e.g.		Shall we meet outside the theatre?
– etc.
l. “Should” is used to denote:
– past form of shall: e.g.			I told him that I should be there.
– advice:		e.g.	We should do more to protect the wildlife.

Lexical verbs: Động từ mang nghĩa là những động từ mang nghĩa chính cho câu, được chia làm hai loại chính là nội động từ và ngoại động từ phụ thuộc vào tính chất truyền tải ý nghĩa của động từ. Động từ mang nghĩa gồm hai phân nhóm chính là Nội động từ và Ngoại động từ như mô tả dưới đây:

2.1. Intransitive verbs: verbs that can function as verb phrases and make sentences meaningful without any complementation. Nội động từ là những động từ mà tự thân có thể bảo đảm nghĩa cho câu, mà không có sự trợ giúp của tân ngữ

e.g.      She cried (noisily).

S      V         A

It rains (hard).

S  V        A

It is raining (heavily).

S        V              A

The wind was blowing (hard).

S                  V                 A

They laughed (happily).

S          V         A

Linking verbs: Động từ nối là những động từ có thể theo sau bởi các tính từ (bổ ngữ). Gồm: become; feel; seem; look; appear; turn; grow; taste; smell; sound; stay; keep; etc

She became exhausted after a long walk.

S       V               C

He felt a bit bored

S    V

He seemed indifferent.

S       V            C

Pete looked tired. Nhưng Pete looked tiredly at the man behind

S       V          C                 S       V            C

2.2. Transitive verbs: verbs that need objects as the complementation. Là những động từ tự thân không đảm bảo nghĩa cho câu mà cần có các tân ngữ đi kèm, được chia làm ba nhóm chính sau.

Mono-transitive verbs: (Ngoại động từ đơn) verbs that followed by one object – là những động từ chỉ cần một tân ngữ theo kèm theo mẫu câu:

S – V – O

e.g. She bought some kinds of flowers.

S      V                    O

Ann met her fiancé yesterday.

S     V          O

They like apples very much.

S      V      O

He did a lot of sight-seeing during his vacation.

S     V              O

Lan took many photos when she went shopping in the city centre.

S          V         O

Di-transitive verbs: (Ngoại động từ đa) verbs that followed by both direct and indirect objects – Là những động từ mà theo sau là cả tân ngữ trực tiếp và gián tiếp.

Những động từ thường gặp nhóm này gồm bring, build, buy, cut, draw, feed, tell, find, get, give, hand, leave, lend, write, make, offer, owe, paint, pass, pay, promiss, read, sell, send, show, teach, etc.theo mẫu câu

S – V – O – O

Một số động từ cần lưu ý:

one form

• “buy somebody something” e.g. She bought me some sweets.
• “explain to somebody (about) something”

e.g. He explained to me the rules.

• “give somebody something” e.g. Pete gave me a wink.
• “lend somebody something” e.g. Paul lent me $100 yesterday.

“make somebody something”

e.g. They made me some sandwiches.

• “send somebody something” e.g. Laura sends me a letter.
• “bring somebody something” e.g. She brought me a pen.
• “fix somebody something” e.g. He fixed me a drink.
• “owe somebody something” e.g. He owed Janet a drink.

“draw somebody something” e.g. He drew Janet a portrait

• the other form
• “buy s.t for somebody”
• g. She bought some sweets for me “explain (about) something to somebody”
• g. He explained the rules to me. “give something to somebody” e.g. Pete gave a wink to me.
• “lend something to somebody” e.g. Paul lent $100 to me yesterday. “make something for somebody”
• g. They made some sandwiches for me. “send something to somebody”

e.g. Laura sends a letter to me. “bring something for somebody” e.g. She brought a pen for me. “fix something for somebody” e.g. He fixed a drink for me. “owe something to somebody” e.g. He owed a drink to Janet. “draw something for somebody” e.g. He owed a portrait for Janet

• Complex transitive verbs: follow by an object and its compliment. Ta gọi loại động từ này là ngoại động từ phức hợp, và động từ này tuân theo công thức:

S – V – O – C

Một số động từ thuộc loại này được ví dụ cụ thể như dưới đây:

·   Make: e.g.            The film made me bored.

• I was bored with the film.

The film bored me

• I found the film boring.

·   Get:  e.g.               He gets everything ready for her trip.

• Everything for her chip is prepared well by her.

·   Find: e.g.              They found the long walk tiring.

• The long walk tired them.
• They were tired of the long walk.
• The long walk made them tired.

·         Drive: e.g.      His jokes drove me mad.

Affixations: phụ tố để tạo động từ

1. en: added to nouns or adjectives (mean make, or lead to). Ta có thể thêm vào trước hoặc sau một số danh từ hay tính từ để tạo thành động từ. Mô tả như dưới đây

		prefix					suffix
root words				verbs		root words				verbs
courage				encourage		length				lengthen
danger				endanger		strength				strengthen
roll				enroll		broad				broaden
act				enact		rich				richen
large				enlarge		wide				widen
rich				enrich		worse				worsen

ize/ ise: added to nouns or adjectives (mean make, or develop, or specify). Ta có thể thêm vào sau một số tính từ để tạo thành động từ. Mô tả như dưới đây”:

IV. Sentence models:

adjectives	verbs	adjectives	verbs
critic	criticize	capital	capitalize
maximum	maximize	equal	equalize
minimum	minimize	industrial	industrialize
modern	modernize	natural	naturalize
popular	popularize	real	realize

V. Sentence models:

1. S + V-intrans They laugh.

                          S       V

The wind is blowing.

S                  V

2. S + V-monotrans + O He did his homework.

                                        S  V       O

Harley carried an umbrella.

S            V          O

3. S + V-in/ extensive + Cs He became famous.

                                              S    V           C

They are nearly exhausted.

S         V         C

4. S + V-intrans + A He went abroad.

                               S        V    A

She arrives late.

S       V        A

5. S + V-ditrans + O + O She buys me presents.

                                          S     V    O     O

That brings my father success.

  S      V           O           O

6. S + V-complex trans + O + C The story made me bored.

Exercise 1: Give ONE of the derived verbs of the given words to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1.	The noise__________ as the plane got farther away.	LESS
2.	Our school set up a project to___________ the library system.	COMPUTER
3.	The breakdown of the negotiations was not__________.	EXPECT

4. He is completely__________! Not only is he lazy but he is dishonest too.	EMPLOY
5. He  won  the  discus  event  at  the  Olympic  Games  but  was later____________ when a medical check proved that he had been  taking drugs.	QUALIFY
6. Women who are slimming can never enjoy a meal without being afraid of_____________ their diet.	ORGANISE
7. It is forbidden to hunt for that kind of bird. It has been listed as one of the____________ species	DANGER

8.	___________ children will not be allowed to cross busy roads.	ACCOMPANY
9.	In nursing, women tend to___________ men by four to one.	NUMBER
10.	Before enrolling on a course, you should first ensure that it has
	been___________ by an officially recognized body.	VALID
11.	He stood at the door to make sure that no one___________ the party.	GATE
12.	Her health has_____________ considerably since we last saw her.	BAD
13.	He was_______________ of the consequences in advance	INFORMATION

14.	This road is so bad that it needs_______________.	SURFACE
15.	He____________ his brother to take part in 2002 World cup.	COURAGE
16.	It’s a lovely old house, I agree, but can we afford to____________ it.	MODERN

17. They frequently__________ the traffic as they march through the streets.

MOBILE

18.	Can we______________ the meeting for next Monday at 7 o’clock?	ARRANGE
19.	I will resign if you continue_______________ what I say.	REGARD
20.	She was late as she______________ how much time she’d need.	ESTIMATE

Exercise 2: Give ONE of the derived verbs of the given words to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1. Politeness is one thing. Real kindness is another. You must learn to _______________ the two.	DIFFERENT
2. Our tomatoes are____________ nicely; they’ll be ready to eat in about a week.	RIPE
3. Actually, there is no short cut to___________ a foreign language.	MASTER
4. A right amount of calcium added to our food will help to___________ our weak bones.	SOLID

5.	He has_____________ in giving up smoking.	SUCCESS
6.	The water is____________. You can’t drink it.	POLLUTION
7.	Oscar had eaten so much that he had to___________ his belt.	LOOSE

8.	The  government  decided  that  the  country’s  agricultural economy should be____________.		INDUSTRY
9.	Fertilizers can help___________ the soil.		RICH
10.	He___________ to hit me if I didn’t hand over my money.		THREAT
11.	He objected to being_____________ unfair.	CRITIC
12.	He wished to become a university student and to _____________ in Medicine.	SPECIAL
13. 14. 15.	_____________ your seatbelts during the plane’s take-off and landing Don’t forget to____________ the boat when you are away. She would have____________ her dream if she had passed the  entrance examination.	FAST TIGHT REAL

16.	Farmers have to____________ the soil before growing each crop.	FERTILE
17.	Japan is among the most___________ countries.	INDUSTRY
18.	The practice of being on a diet has now been so______________.	POPULAR
19. 20.	We should____________ all the school’s regulations. Terrorism____________ the civilized human beings by bombing and murders.	STANDARD DANGER

Exercise 3: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1.Yesterday the naval authorities_____________ the reports in Friday’ newspapers that they had explored three bombs near an unknown submarine.

A. published B. confirmed C. re-started D. agreed

2. If you have the____________ in an election, you have the legal right to indicate your choice.

A. status B. individual C. vote D. equality

3. Professor Richards insisted that every student___________ their report by Friday.

A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. had finished

4. In the early 16^th century, the geography of the globe still_____________ a mystery.

A. maintained B. continued C. was D. remained

5. If you have an old blanket, ___________ it along so that we have something to sit on at the beach.

A. bring                         B. go                           C. put                          D. keep

6. We are not allowed___________ jeans at school.

A. wear                          B. to wear                   C. wearing                 D. worn

7. Sometimes I do not feel like___________ to my sibling about my troubles.

A. talk                             B. to talk                    C. talking                   D. talked

8. Although the team was both mentally and physically exhausted, they___________ on walking.

A. stopped                      B. kept                      C. took                       D. put

9. The house stands high in the top of the hill, so it can be___________ from very

A. aimed at                     B. picked up           C. visible                   D. deal with

10. More people speak English than any other language, but non-native speakers now

____ native speakers by three to one.

A. outnumber                  B. overtake               C. pass                        D. dominate

11. Thanks for the sandwich, but you__________ it. I had lunch in town.

A. needn’t have made               B. mightn’t have made

A. shouldn’t have made            D. ought to have made

12. Before the plane___________ off, the flight attendant told everyone to fasten their seat belts and put their chairs in an upright position.

A. woke              B. brought               C. kept                        D. took

13. This letter__________ be from Harry. He doesn’t know my new address.

A. mightB. can’tC. mustn’tD. shouldn’t14.Don’t forget to___________ your gloves on. It is cold outside.

A. let       B. make       C. put          D. fix

15. Politicians frequently__________ a lot of criticism.

A. come out inB. catch up withC. come in forD. get up to

16. This is a regional organization that aims to___________ economic growth, social progress, and cultural development.

A. account     B. include      C. accelerate             D. respect

17. My father sometimes__________ the washing up after dinner.

A. washes       B. takes              C. makes                    D. does

18. Waste paper can be used again after being__________.

A. produced       B. recycled         C. wasted                  D. preserved

19. John is not at home. He____________ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure.

A. might           B. will               C. must                       D. should

20. The boy made his father__________ him a new bag

A. buy              B. to buy              C. buying                   D. buys

Exercise 4: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1. Boy, stop reading. ____________ the book down and go to bed.

A. Take             B. Put                C. Set                          D. Pick

2. Our relatives_____________ meet us at the station this evening.

A. are being         B. are going to          C. go to                       D. will be to

3. He____________ for that company for five months when it went bankrupt.

A. has been worked                B. has worked

C. had been working              D. was working

4. At this time next week, all of the students_____________ for their examinations.

A. will be sat

B. have been sitting

C. have sat

D. will be sitting

5. You____________ write to her for she’ll be here tomorrow.

A. don’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. haven’t

6. Can you____________ what it would be like to live without books?

A. imagine B. advise C. describe D. understand

7. ___________ anything suspicious arise; please let me know at once.

A. Should B. Would C. Can D. Did

8. The athlete had tried his best to___________ his SEA Games title and records.

A. carry                          B. perform                     C. defend                D. support

9. After closing the envelope, the secretary____________ the stamps on firmly.

A. stuck                      B. struck              C. sucked                   D. licked

10.The country is now willing to___________ part in the Games hosted by a European country by the end of the year.

A. play           B. lose            C. take            D. enjoy

11. Suppose I___________ half the money I owe you. Would that satisfy you?

A. will pay           B. would pay           C. pay                         D. paid

12. I cannot believe Peter and Mary___________ up last week. They have been married for almost fifteen years. I hope they get back together.

A. went            B. gave           C. looked                   D. broke

13. Not only_________________ the exam but she also got a scholarship.

A. did she pass          B. she passed            C. she has passed     D. has she passed

14. “___________ stupid, you will never get good marks by cheating.”

A. Be not        B. Not be        C. Don’t be     D. Won’t be

15. It took us over twelve hours to hike over the mountain. By the time we got back to our campsite, I was completely___________ out.

A. worn          B. went           C. put                      D. knocked

16. The policeman___________ me off with a warning as it was Christmas.

A. sent            B. gave             C. let                           D. set

17. If you don’t have the telephone number now, you can___________ me up later and give it to me then.

A. call             B. stop               C. give                        D. hold

18. I didn’t get to see the end of that mystery movie on TV last night. How did it___________out?

A. go             B. make               C. bring                      D. turn

19.When he realized the police had spotted him, the man__________ the exit as quickly as possible.

A. made up      B. made out       C. made off                D. made for

20. Traffic is being___________ from the High Street while the water main is under repair.

A. subverted          B. averted           C. diverted                 D. perverted

Exercise 5: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1. Either you or Daisy____________ the vase. There is no one else in the room.

A. has been broken

B. have been broken

C. has broken

D. have broken

2. Old Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will____________.

A. pull up B. pull back C. pull through D. pull out

3. When__________ a European, we should stick to the last name unless he suggests that we use his first name.

A. talking                 B. speaking          C. discussing             D. addressing

4. Jack is having his lawyer____________ up the contract to make sure that all of the legalities are properly dealt with.

A. go                                 B. look                          C. get                         D. draw

5. When you are finished using the computer, can you please__________ it off.

A. take               B. turn                 C. do                           D. go

6. The school principle___________ that all students hand in their mobile phones to teachers during school hours.

A. strongly advised     B. urgently asked    C. firmly told            D. firmly insisted

7. I supposed, as____________ we all, that the meeting would be cancelled.

A. did                  B. equally                C. would                    D. just

8. “You____________ put the car in the garage. I’m going out in it later”.

A. mustn’t         B. haven’t           C. needn’t                   D. can’t

9. ___________ I have a day off tomorrow? – Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.

A. Must            B. Will                      C. May                       D. Need

10. He tried to limit himself to___________ 10 cigarettes a day.

A. be smoking      B. have smoked     C. smoke                    D. smoking

11. The tin opener seemed_______________ for left-hand people.

A. to be designed     B. being designed     C. to design                  D. designing

12. The computer____________ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software.

A. must                 B. need               C. should                   D. may

13. This is the third time James____________ the volunteer program to the village.

A. joins         B. joined       C. has joined             D. has been joining

14. Don’t____________ the kettle; it’s still hot.

A. touch               B. feel                C. look                       D. taste

15. It was very difficult for the inspector to_____________ what recommendations he should make.

A. decide                B. settle            C. solve                      D. realize

16. James won five medals at the competition. His parents____________ very proud of him.

A. can’t be     B. can’t have C. must have been     D. could have been

17. Mark: “What does “w.w.w”____________ for?”

Linda: “Is it short for “world wide web?”

A. sit                B. stand                 C. lie                           D. point

18. Marsha is going to take extra lessons to___________ what she missed when she was away.

A. catch up on           B. put up with           C. cut down on          D. take

19. The baby does nothing but____________ all day.

A. to sleep and to eat           B. to sleep and eat      C. sleep and eat           D. sleeping and eating

20. Andy___________ across the lawn.

A. danced wildly                B. was wildly danced

C. was dancing wild             D. was being danced wildly

Exercise 6: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1.“Follow me”____________ a very popular English teaching program on television in the 80s.

A. used to be

B. was used to

C. was used to being

D. used as

2. I’m the only person here who went to state school, ____________?

A. am I? B. aren’t I C. do I D. didn’t I?

3. Kelvin___________ every summer.

A. plays softball and tennis B. plays with softball and tennis

C. is played softball and tennis D. is played with softball and tennis

4. The eagle___________ higher and higher in the sky.

A. soar B. soared C. is soared D. was soared

5. It____________ me only five minutes to get to school.

A. cost B. took C. brought D. spent

6. This is a___________ flight so please be prepared.

A. stopping B. stopped C. non-stop D. stopover

7. How much do you___________ Tam?

A. measure B. weight C. heavy D. weigh

8. Is it possible for us to____________ to the cinema without him?

A. reach B. come C. arrive D. go

9. I want you to___________ your best clothes tonight for the party.

A. wore B. dress C. put on D. hung up.

10. As all field players are only allowed to touch the ball with one hand at a time, they must develop the ability to catch and ___________ the ball with either hand.

A. throw B. point C. score D. cross

11. The explorers made a fire to___________ off wild animals.

A. get B. keep C. take D. go

12. The doctor asked his patient to____________ down the coach.

A. lay B. sit C. lie D. come

13. The children won’t go to bed until their parents have____________ so.

A. gone B. been C. done D. prepared

14. If something urgent has___________ up, phone me immediately and I will help you.

A. picked               B. come             C. kept                        D. brought

15. The passengers had to wait because the plane____________ off one hour late.

A. took                 B. turned              C. cut                          D. made

16. These trousers don’t___________. They are much too big for the child.

A. suitB. passC. fitD. match17.You really can’t_____________ a thing that woman says!

A. imagineB. believeC. relyD. count

18. I do not use those things any more. You can___________ them away.

A. getB. fallC. throwD. make

19.If only I___________ play the guitar as well as you!

A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might

20. They were late for work because their car____________ down.

A. gotB. putC. cutD. broke

Exercise 7: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1. We fell over some pieces of wood___________ lying around.

A. leave        B. leaves         C. leaving                  D. left

2. My father had the telephone___________ out of his office.

A. take               B. taking               C. taken                      D. to take

3. There is only one student in the classroom___________ his lesson.

A. prepared       B. to prepare           C . preparation           D. preparing

4. I wish our teacher___________ our problems a little better.

A. understand B. understands C. understood D. will understand

5. They all laughed because the film was very___________.

A. amuse B. amusing C. amused D. amusement

6. The girl weeps whenever she___________ such a story.

A. hears B. had heard C. will hear D. heard

7. The entrance examination___________ in July.

A. begin B. has begun C. begins D. shall begin

8. I wish I___________ him, but I don’t.

A. am liking B. like C. liked D. was liking

9. The authority____________ down that building to build a supermarket.

A. knocked B. came C. went D. fell

10. Birth control methods have____________ women from the endless cycle of childbearing and rearing.

A. free               B. freely                 C. freedom                 D. freed

11. Anna: “___________ I be here by 6 o’clock?”

Maria: “No, you ___________.”

A.Shall/ mightn’t B. Must/ needn’t C. Will/ mayn’t          D. Might/ won’t

12. “We’d better___________ if we want to get there in time.”

A. put down   B. speed up    C. turn down     D. take

13. If I had gone white water rafting with my friends, I___________ down the Colorado River right now.

A. should have floated

B. must be floating

C. would be floating

D. would have been floating

14. It is a good book. I think it is interesting enough for you to ____________.

A. put down B. swallow C. look up D. understand

15. We saw a man___________ in the street yesterday.

A. staggered B. staggering C. to stagger D. staggers

16. I want this exercise____________ in ink.

A. write B. to write C. writing D. to be written

17. It’s no good___________ your father about your failure.

A. to tell B. tell C. telling D. told

18. The room is too dirty. It____________ now.

A. should clean

B. should have cleaned

C. should be cleaning

D. should be cleaned

19. The situation____________ to continue.

A. cannot allow

B. cannot be allowed

C. cannot have allowed

D. cannot be allowing

20. The students refused____________ to school in the afternoon.

A. returning      B. to return     C. to be returned                   D. return

Exercise 8: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1. When I was ten, I___________ watch most TV programmes if I asked my parents first.

A. might B. may C. can D. could

2. That car___________ several times this year.

A. was repaired B. repaired C. has repaired D. had been repaired

3. The machine____________ on by pressing this switch.

A. can turn B. can be turned C. must turn D. should be turning

4. Stop. ____________ you see that notice?

A. Did B. Don’t C. Won’t D. Will

5. When the offense takes possession of the ball, the strategy is to___________ the ball down the field of play and to score a goal.

A. create B. ride C. advance D. eject

6. I___________ this letter around for days without looking at it.

A. am carrying B. will be carrying C. carry D. have been carrying

7. She heated the chocolate until it_____________ then poured it over the cake.

A. changed B. formed C. melted D. flooded

8. The manager had his secretary___________ the report for him.

A. to have typed B. typed C. type D. to type

9. I have been trying to ring him up all day and I could not___________ through.

A. get B. take C. look D. hang

10. I would really___________ your help with this assignment.

A. respect B. take C. appreciate D. thank

11. Can you keep calm for a moment? You___________ noise in class!

A. are always made

B. always make

C. have always made

D. are always making

12. The water supply of the building was____________ off because the pipes burst.

A. handed B. held C. cut D. paid

13. I’ve just been told some____________ news.

A. astonish B. astonishment C. astonished            D. astonishing

14. If people___________ after their houses properly, the police wouldn’t have so much work to do.

A.looked       B. look              C. have looked          D. should look

15. – Jack: “How are you___________ on with your work?”

– Jill: “It is OK.”

A. calling B. getting C. laying D. looking

16. Everybody agrees that no more staff____________.

A. should employ

B. should not be employed

C. will not be employed D. will be employed

17. You need more exercise – you should___________ jogging.

A. try on B. take up C. carry out D. hold up

18. That pipe___________ for ages – we must get it mended.

A. has been leaking B. is leaking C. had been leaking D. leaks

19. Things____________ clear to them so that they can do the work in the way that you have told them.

A. are making      B. ought to be made     C. have made     D. needn’t be made

20. “Can you __________ me a favor, Bill?” Peter said.

A. make        B. get       C. put                          D. do

ĐÁP ÁN

Exercise 1: Give ONE of the derived verbs of the given words to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1. LESSENED

2. COMPUTERIZE

3. EXPECTED

4. UNEMPLOYED

5. DISQUALIFIED

6. DISORGANISING

7. ENDANGERED

8. UNACCOMPANIED

9. OUTNUMBER

10. VALIDATED

11. GATE-CRASHED

12. WORSENED

13. UNINFORMED

14. RESURFACING

15. ENCOURAGED

16. MODERNIZE

17. IMMOBILIZE

18. REARRANGE

19. DISREGARDING

20. UNDERESTIMATED

Exercise 2: Give ONE of the derived verbs of the given words to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

1.	DIFFERENTIATE	11.	CRITICIZED
2.	RIPENED	12.	SPECIALIZE
3.	MASTERING	13.	FASTEN
4.	SOLIDIFY	14.	TIGHTEN
5.	SUCCEEDED	15.	REALIZED
6.	POLLUTED	16.	FERTILIZE
7.	LOOSEN	17.	INDUSTRIALIZED
8.	INDUSTRIALIZED	18.	POPULARIZED
9.	ENRICH	19.	STANDARDIZE
10.	THREATENED	20.	ENDANGER

Exercise 3: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
1.	B   confirmed = xác nhận
2.	C   vote = bỏ phiếu, bầu cử
3.	A   finish = mệnh đề không chia
4.	D   remain + adj = vẫn giữ điều gì
5.	A   bring along = mang theo
6.	B   cấu trúc “be allowed to V”
7.	C   cấu trúc “feel like + V-ing”
8.	B	keep on V-ing
9.	C   be visible = can be seen
10.	A   outnumber (v) vượt trội

 

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
11.	A	needn’t have made: không cần
12.	D	take off (v) cất cánh
13.	B	can’t = deduction (suy luận)
14.	C	put on: mang, đeo
15.	C	come in for: đối mặt, chịu
16.	C	accelerate = promote thúc đẩy
17.	D	do the V-ing: làm việc gì đó
18.	B	recycled: tái chế
19.	A	might: không chắc về suy luận
20.	A	make s.b V: bắt ai làm gì

Exercise 4: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích		Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
1.	B	Put down (v) bỏ xuống, buông		11.	D	suppose S V-ed: giả định
2.	B	are going to= intension		12.	D	broke (up): tan vỡ
3.	C	had been working: trước q.khứ		13.	A	Not only→đảo ngữ nhấn mạnh
4.	D	will be sitting: plan, đoán trước		14.	C	Don’t be: mệnh lệnh thức
5.	C	needn’t: unnecessity		15.	A	wear out(v)become exhausted
6.	A	imagine: tưởng tượng		16.	C	let off: tha, thả
7.	A	Should: giả sử điều kiện xảy ra		17.	A	call (v) phone, telephone, dial
8.	C	defend title: bảo vệ danh hiệu		18.	D	turn out: kết quả
9.	A	stuck: gắn vào, dán tem		19.	D	make for (v) tẩu thoát, tránh
10.	C	take part in: tham gia		20.	C	diverted (chuyển hướng)

Exercise 5: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
1.	C	has broken–cấu trúc “either…or”
2.	C	pull through – vượt qua khỏi
3.	D	addressing – gọi, chỉ danh
4.	D	draw up – rà soát, kiểm tra
5.	B	turn off – tắt các thiết bị
6.	D	insist that = qui định rằng
7.	A	did – giả định
8.	C	needn’t – sự không cần thiết
9.	C	May I V? xin phép
10.	D	limit to V-ing = hạn chế

 

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
11.	A	seem to V (bị động với vật)
12.	B	need V-ing = bị động
13.	C	Cấu trúc hiện tại hoàn thành
14.	A	touch = đụng/ sờ vào
15.	A	decide = quyết định điều gì
16.	C	must have been – speculation
17.	B	stand for = dùng thay thế cho
18.	A	catch up on = bù đắp
19.	C	sleep and eat = không gì ngoài
20.	A	danced wildly = chủ động

Exercise 6: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
1.	A	used to be – thói quen ở quá khứ
2.	B	aren’t I? – question tag
3.	A	plays softball and tennis
4.	B	soared – thuật lại một sự việc
5.	B	took – ai đó mất thời gian để…
6.	C	non-stop – không ngừng nghỉ
7.	D	weigh (v) cân nặng
8.	D	to go to – đến đâu đó
9.	C	put on (v) mặc
10.	A	throw (v) ném bóng

 

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
11.	B	keep off = xua đuổi
12.	B	sit down – ngồi xuống ghế
13.	C	done – dùng trợ động từ thay
14.	B	come up = xảy đến
15.	A	took off = cất cánh
16.	C	fit = vừ vặn
17.	B	believe = tin vào
18.	C	throw away = ném bỏ
19.	C	could = giả định, giá mà
20.	D	broke down = hỏng

Exercise 7: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
1.	D	left – reduced clause (mđ lược)
2.	C	taken – cấu trúc “have st done”
3.	D	preparing = who prepares
4.	C	understood: cấu trúc với “wish”
5.	B	amusing bổ nghĩa cho “the film”
6.	A	hears – time clause “whenever”
7.	C	begins – sự thật, sự lặp
8.	C	liked: cấu trúc với “wish”
9.	A	knocked down – phá bỏ, dỡ bỏ
10.	D	freed – giải thoát, giải phóng

 

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
11.	B	Must: bổn phận/ needn’t
12.	B	speed up – đi nhanh, tăng tốc
13.	C	would be floating – đk trộn
14.	B	swallow – đọc ngấu nghiến
15.	B	staggering – “see s.b V-ing/ V”
16.	D	want s.t to be done – cấu trúc
17.	C	it’s no good V-ing – cấu trúc
18.	D	should be cleaned – necessity
19.	B	cannot be allowed – forbidden
20.	B	refuse to V – từ chối việc gì đó

Exercise 8: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete sentences below.

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
1.	D   could – possibility or permit
2.	D   had been repaired – bị động
3.	B   can be turned – bị động
4.	B   Don’t – nghi vấn về sự thật
5.	C   advance (v) dẫn bóng
6.	D   have been carrying –đến giờ
7.	C   melted – tan chảy
8.	C  type – cấu trúc cố định
9.	A  get through – kết nối, liên lạc
10.	C  appreciate help – đánh giá cao

 

Câu	Đáp án	Giải thích
11.	D	are always making – phàn nàn
12.	C	cut off – cắt, ngừng cung cấp
13.	D	astonishing (adj) chỉ sự vật
14.	A	looked – câu điều kiện loại 2
15.	B	get on with – sống hòa thuận
16.	D	will be employed – kế hoạch
17.	B	take up – thực hành môn
18.	A	has been leaking – đến giờ
19.	B	ought to be made – nhất thiết
20.	D	do a favor – làm ơn làm giúp

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