Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích trong tiếng Anh

TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM 2017

PHRASE AND CLAUSE OF PURPOSE (MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ MỤC ĐÍCH)

I/ Clause of Purpose: Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích - So That/In Order That           để mà

Form :

S + V1/s/es + O	So That In Order That	S + can/will + V0 + O
S + V2/ed + O		S + could/would + V0 + O

Lưu ý: Thông thường nếu không có NOT thì dùng can /could còn có NOT thì dùng won't / wouldn't, trừ những trường hợp có ý ngăn cấm thì mới dùng can't/couldn't.

ex 1:     I study hard so that I can pass the exam.

ex 2:     I study hard so that I won't fail the exam.

ex 3:     I hide the toy so that my mother can't see it. (tôi giấu món đồ chơi để mẹ tôi không thể thấy nó -> ngăn không cho thấy )

II/ Phrase of Purpose: cụm từ chỉ mục đích - In Order To/So As To/To          để mà

Form :  + Inf.

S + V + O

In Order To So As To To

+ V0

Lưu ý: Nếu có NOT thì để NOT trước TO, tuy nhiên mẫu TO không áp dụng được trường hợp có NOT.

ex1: I study hard. I want to pass the exam.

-> I study hard in order to / so as to /to pass the exam.

ex2: I study hard. I don't want to fail the exam.

-> I study hard in order not to pass the exam.            đúng

-> I study hard so as not to /to pass the exam.           đúng

-> I study hard not to pass the exam.                         sai

III/ Cách nối câu:

1) Dùng SO THAT/IN ORDER THAT:

Ex 1:  I’m studying hard. I want to keep pace with my classmates.

--> I’m studying hard so that I can keep pace with my classmates.

S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope + to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O so that S2 + can/could/will/would + V0 + O. sau want/ like/ hope là to thì ta bỏ chúng thay bằng can/could/will/would

Ex 2: Alice prepares her lessons carefully. She wants to get high marks in class.

] ………………………………………………………………………………………………

-Nếu sau các chữ want, like, hope…có túc từ thì lấy túc từ đó ra làm chủ từ.

Ex 3: I give you the book .I want you to read it.

I give you the book so that you can read it.

S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope +O + to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O so that O->S2 + can/could/will/would + V0 + O. sau want/ like/ hope là O rồi mới đến to thì ta bỏ chúng thay bằng can/could/will/would, sau đó đem O lên thay cho S2

Ex 4:  Please shut the door. I don’t want the dog to go out of the house.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

2) Dùng IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO/TO:

S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope + to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O In Order To/So As To/To trước V0 + O.  (S1 = S2 . Bỏ S2, bỏ luôn want/like/hope + to thêm In Order To/So As To/To trước V0 + O.)

     I study hard .I want to pass the exam.

-> I study hard in order to pass the exam.

S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope +O +  to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O In Order for O To/So As for O To + V0 + O. (S1 = S2 . Bỏ S2, bỏ luôn want/like/hope + to thêm In Order for O To/So As for O To V0 + O.)

IV.Các dạng bài tập:
1.Dạng bài tập 1: sau want không có tân ngữ

Nối 2 câu có cùng chủ ngữ thành 1 câu có cụm từ chỉ mục đích hoặc mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.

Ex: *Duy gets up early every morning. He wants to learn his lessons.
-->Duy gets up early every morning so as to learn his lessons. (câu này đổi dưới dạng Phrases of purpose).
--> Duy gets up early every morning so that he can learn his lessons. (đổi dưới dạng Clauses of purpose).
* We learn English. We want to have better communication with other people.
--> We learn English in order to have better communication with other people.
--> We learn English so that we will have better communication with other people.
* He was in a hurry. He wanted to catch the bus.
--> He was in a hurry to catch the bus.
--> He was in a hurry in order that he would catch the bus.
2.Dạng bài tập 2: Nối 2 câu có cùng chủ ngữ nhưng sau “want” có tân ngữ hoặc túc từ. 
Ex: * He gave me his address. He wanted me to visit him. (want + túc từ).
--> He gave me his address so that I would visit him. (Clauses of purpose).
*They whispered. They didn’t want anyone to hear their conversation. (“want” + tân ngữ).
--> They whispered in order that no one could hear conversation.

*2 câu trên nếu muốn use phrase of purpose, ta phải theo công thức sau:
            in order for + O (túc từ) + to-inf
Ex: * He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.       
--> They whispered in order for no one to hear their conversation.  

3.Dạng bài tập 3: Đổi một câu từ “phrase of purpose” sang “clauses of purpose” hoặc ngược lại.
Ex: * We hurried to school so as not to be late.
--> We hurried to school so that she wouldn’t be late.
* Thao locked the door so that she wouldn’t be disturbed
--> Thao locked the door so as not to be disturbed.
* He studied hard in order to pass his exam.
--> He studied hard so that he can pass his exam.
3.Dạng bài tâp 4: Hoàn tất câu với “phrase of purpose” hoặc “clause of purpose”.
Ex: * I studied English so that ….. 
--> They went to Ha Noi to…… 
(tự hoàn thành câu tuỳ ý thích của các bạn). 
* Lưu ý: + Hoàn tất câu trong mệnh đề chính ở thì hiện tại (present) thì ta dùng “will/ can” ở mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.
Ex: She needs a job so that she will support her old parents. (cô ấy cần 1 công việc để nuôi bố mẹ cô ta).
(Ở câu trên, ở mệnh đề chính “ She needs a job” là thì hiện tại đơn “present simple” nên ở mệnh đề chỉ mục đích chúng ta phải dùng will “she will support her old parents”).
+ Khi động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở thì “past” thì ta dùng “would/ could” ở mệnh đề “would/ could” ở mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.
Ex: He hurried to the station so that he wouldn’t miss the train.

Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences using infinitive phrase / clause:

1) People use money so that they can buy things they need. (in order to)

________________________________________________________________________

2) Banks are developed so that they can keep people’s money safe. (in order to)

________________________________________________________________________

3) Mr. Brown is going to the bank to borrow some money. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

4) Alice borrowed an eraser to erase a mistake in his composition. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

5) I need to buy some laundry detergent so that I will wash my clothes. (in order to)

________________________________________________________________________

6) I moved to the front of the room so as to see better.  (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

7) I came to this school so that I could learn English. (in order to)

________________________________________________________________________

8) He gave her the key for her to open the door. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

9) Mary took her brother to school for him to learn English. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

10) Please arrive early for us to start the meeting on time. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

11) He wrote to David of his interest in science to ask for work. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

12) Kathy built a high wall round her garden for the fruits not to be stolen. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

13) Tom was playing very softly so that he wouldn’t disturb anyone. (in order not to)

________________________________________________________________________

14) They rushed into the burning house so that they could save the child. (in order to)

________________________________________________________________________

15) Lan often attends English Speaking Club to practice speaking English. (so that )

________________________________________________________________________

 

Trên đây là trích đoạn nội dung của tài liệu về mệnh đề chỉ mục đích trong tiếng Anh. Mời các em đăng nhập website hoc247, chọn Xem online hoặc Tải về để theo dõi được đầy đủ nội dung và chi tiết tài liệu. Chúc các em học tốt và thực hành hiệu quả!