Tìm x biết (2x+3)^2-(2x+1)(2x-1)=5

1) \(\left(2x+3\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=5\) (1)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+12x+9-\left(4x^2-1\right)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+12x+9-4x^2+1=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x+10=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x=5-10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x=-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{12}\)

Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (1) là \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{5}{12}\right\}\)

2) \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-x\left(x^2+5\right)=20\) (2)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+27-x^3-5x=20\)

\(\Leftrightarrow27-5x=20\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-5x=20-27\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-5x=-7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{5}\)

Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (2) là \(S=\left\{\dfrac{7}{5}\right\}\)

3) \(\left(x+2\right)^3-x\left(x^2+6x\right)=15\) (3)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+6x^2+12x+8-x^3-6x^2=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x+8=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x=15-8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{12}\)

Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (3) là \(S=\left\{\dfrac{7}{12}\right\}\)

4) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x+10\right)\left(x-1\right)=7\) (4)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1-x\left(x+10\right)\right)=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1-x^2-10x\right)=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-9x+1\right)=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9x^2+x+9x-1=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9x^2+10-1=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9x^2+10x-1-7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9x^2+10x-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-10x+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\notin R\)

5) \(x^2-9+5\left(x+3\right)=0\) (5)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9+5x+15=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-5+1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-5-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (5) là \(S=\left\{-3;-2\right\}\)