Tiến hành crackinh 10 lít khí butan, sau phản ứng thu được 18 lít hỗn hợp khí X gồm etan, metan, eten, propilen, butan (các khí đo cùng điều kiện). Hiệu suất của quá trình crackinh là

Đáp án C

Phản ứng crackinh butan:

\(\begin{array}{l} {C_4}{H_{10}} \to C{H_4} + {C_3}{H_6}\\ x{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} x{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} x\\ {C_4}{H_{10}} \to {C_2}{H_4} + {C_2}{H_6}\\ y{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} y{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} y\\ \to x + y + n{C_4}{H_{10du}} = 10\\ 2\left( {x + y} \right) + n{C_4}{H_{10du}} = 18\\ \Rightarrow n{C_4}{H_{10du}} = 2\\ \to H = \frac{{\left( {10 - 2} \right).100\% }}{{10}} = 80\% \end{array}\)