Bộ 5 đề thi chọn HSG môn Tiếng Anh 10 có đáp án năm 2021 Trường THPT Quang Trung

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ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI NĂM HỌC 2020-2021 MÔN: TIẾNG ANH 10 (Thời gian làm bài: 120 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề)

I. Phonetics: (2/ 20 points)

Part 1: Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others. Write your answer in the right box below.

1. A. school B. good C. book D. football

2. A. mother B. love C. office D. one

3. A. arguments B. books C. elephants D. televisions

4. A. roast B. foam C. abroad D. toad

5. A. swear B. bear C. pear D. spear

Part 2: Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others. Write your answer in the right box below.

6. A. chemical B. wilderness C. establish D. national

7. A. improve B. bumper C. farmer D. parents

8. A. stagnant B. wholesale C. submit D. labor

9. A. different B. mentally C. gradually D. denial

10. A. conservation B. minority C. especially D. environment

II. LEXICO- GRAMMAR( 9/20 points)

Part 1: Choose the best answer from the four options to complete each sentence below. Write your answer in the right box below.

11. We should arrive home safe and ………… .

A. sound B. soundly C. warm D. warmly

12. The idea got a lot of ………… from the children’s parents.

A. opposition B. disagreement C. dislike D. denial

13. The picnic………….to be a terrible disaster.

A. turned out B. turned up C. turned down D. turned round

14. This national park………….an area of 2,000 square kilometers.

A. covers B. surrounds C. consists D. spreads

Page 1 of 6

15. Those gloves are much too small for you. Don’t try to put them on or you will ………….them.

A. extend B. spread C. stretch D. swell

16. This is ………….the most difficult job I’ve ever had to do.

A. by far B. by chance C. by heart D. by myself

17. The teacher suspected the student ………… cheating in examination.

A. on B. about C. in D. of

18. I am so tired that I can’t take …………….what you are saying.

A. up B. out C. in D. on

19. There is a fault at our television station. Please don’t ……… your set.

A. change B. adjust C. repair D. switch

20. A trade union membership has declined, the number of …………and strikes has also decreased.

A. quarrels B. arguments C. disagreements D. disputes

21. I don’t know what all the fuss was about – It was just a(n) ……….in a teacup.

A. flood B. storm C. earthquake D. blaze

22. The inconsiderate driver was ………for parking his vehicle in the wrong place.

A. inflicted B. fined C. harassed D. condemned

23. I would love to go on a long sea…………… .

A. route B. journey C. voyage D. travel

24. For a short while, I managed to catch…… of the President entering the palace.

A. vision B. notice C. view D. sight

25. Our team was losing but we managed to …………the score.

A. get B. notice C. even D. have

26. We had ……………holiday in Spain.

A. a two- week B. two weeks’ C. a two week’s D. A and B

27. Some of the villagers thought the old woman had the …………eye.

A. magic B. evil C. black D. wicked

28. Without plants, most water would ………….as soon as it falls.

A. run off B. run after C. run away D. run by

29. Cuc Phuong national Park ………….over 200 square kms of rainforest.

A. covers B. gets C. holds D. contains

30. We sat at the table until all the food…………

A. were eaten B. was eating C. were eating D. was eaten

Part 2: The passage below contains 10 errors. Underline the mistakes and correct them. Write your answers in the space provided in the column on the right. (0) has been done for as an example.

Birds that feed on flocks commonly retire together into (0) in

roosts. The reasons for roosting commune are not always 31. ……………….

obvious, but there are some likely benefit. In winter 32. ……………….

especially, it is important for birds to keep warmth at night 33. ……………….

and conserve precious food reserves. One way to do this

is to find the sheltered roost. Solitary roosters shelter in 34. ……………….

dense vegetation and enter a cavity- horned larks dig 35. ……………….

holes in the ground and ptarmigan burrow into snow

banks- but the effect of shelter is magnified by several 36. ………………

birds huddling together in the roosts, as wrens, swifts,

brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis can. Body contact 37. ……………

reduces the surface area expose to the cold air, so the 38. ……………

birds keep each other warm. Two kinglets huddling

together was found to reduce their heat losses 39. ……………

with a quarter and three together saved a third of 40. ……………

their heat.

Part 3: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered spaces provided in the column on the right.

“ Battle for your heart” is the new film starring Hugh

Grace. I’m afraid that my first (41. IMPRESS) was not 41……………….

very favorable. The scenes of violence are (42.OFFEND) 42. ………………

and the main character, Tony, is simply(43. IRRITATE) 43. ………………

The audience is supposed to feel great ( 44. ADMIRE) for 44. ………………

Tony, an army officer, who is accused of ( 45. COWARD) 45. ……………….

because he fails to attack the village where the

(46. ADORE) Miranda lives with her old father. Tony 46. ……………….

saves their lives, and although the idea of marrying him

has little ( 47. ATTRACT) for her, Miranda agrees to it out 47………………

of (48.GRATEFUL).However, she is still in love with Alex, 48. ………………

one of the enemy army, and wants to remain ( 49. FAITH) 49. ……………….

to him. The dialogue and the acting are just as bad as the

plot. At the end, I breathed a sigh of ( 50. RELIEVE). This 50. ………………

is definitely one to miss!

Part 4: Supply the correct form of the verbs in block capitals in brackets to complete the passage. Write your answer in the right box below.

The British Empire – the countries ruled by Britain – started in the late 15^th century until a peak around 1920 when the British Empire ( 51. INCLUDE)……….around a quarter of the world’s population. British colonies included parts of North America, islands in the West Indies, India, Australia, New Zealand and several countries in Africa. Many of them ( 52. BECOME) ………. colonies at a time when several European countries, including Britain, France, Spain and the Netherlands, ( 53.COMPETE) ………… for trade around the world and for new sources of raw materials. Most of these countries became independent during the 20^th century, when it generally( 54. RECOGNIZE)……………… that it was not morally acceptable( 55. TAKE OVER) …………… other countries and exploit them, and many colonies( 56. HAVE)…………growing nationalist movements for independence. Many of the countries still( 57. HAVE)……… political and economic links with Britain through the Commonwealth and perhaps the most important and lasting cultural influence of the British Empire ( 58. BE) ……… the spread of the English language which ( 59. BE) still either an official language or ( 60. TEACH) as a second language in many countries.

Part 5: Fill each gap in the following sentences with one of the prepositions or particles in the box. Use each word only once and write your answer in the right box below. from into for between beyond on down to up at

61. The Airline company laid……………………the regulations that a passenger can take

20 kilos of carry- on luggage.

62. I was totally abashed ………….his rude manner.

63. His abstinence ……………caffeine lasted only two months.

64. We found the small town changed ………… recognition.

65. There is a ban ………… using hosepipes during the drought.

66. George came ………… a lot of money when his uncle died.

67. I have an aversion ………….spiders.

68. When the children arrived at the fair, they made a beeline ……… the ghost train.

69. If you read … the lines, you will know that they don’t really welcome us to their party.

70. I was so angry when I saw the parking ticket that I tore it………… .

III. READING ( 5/ 20 points)

Part 1: Choose the best answer from the four options to complete each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Write your answer in the right box below.

The last two decades have seen enormous changes in the way people’s( 71) ……………… are affected by IT. Twenty years ago, few people had access to a computer whilst today ( 72)……… people use them at work, home or school and use of e- mail and the Internet is an every day event. These developments have brought many ( 73) ………to our lives. E-mail makes communication much easier and more immediate. This has numerous benefits for business, commerce, and education. The World Wide Web means that information on every conceivable subject is now( 74) to us. Clearly, for many people this has made life much easier and more convenient.

However, not all the effects of the new technology have been beneficial. Many people feel that the ( 75)……… use of e-mail is destroying traditional forms of communication such as letter writing, telephone and face -to –face conversation. With ever increasing use of information technology these ( 76) elements are likely to increase in the future. In addition, the huge size of the Web means it is almost ( 77) to control and regulate. This has led to many concerns regarding children( 78) unsuitable websites. Yet perhaps the biggest threat to IT in years to come will be the computer ( 79) ………… more sophisticated or more destructive strains are almost inevitable.

In conclusion, developments in IT have brought many benefits, ( 80) ……… I believe developments relating to new technology in the future are likely to produce many negative effects that will need to be addressed very carefully.

71. A. live B. lives C. living D. life

72. A. most B. most of C. most of the D. almost

73. A. services B. uses C. benefits D. effects

74. A. free B. convenient C. unused D. available

75. A. widespread B. immediate C. particular D. continued

76. A. positive B. negative C. careless D. trivial

77. A. possible B. impractical C. likely D. impossible

78. A. accessing B. approaching C. entering D. getting

79. A. disease B. program C. virus D. software

80. A. so B. moreover C. therefore D. yet

Part 2: Read the following passage and answer the questions from 81 to 85. Write your answer in the right box below.

The invention of the electric telegraph gave birth to the communications industry. Although Samuel B. Morse succeeded in making the invention useful in 1873, it was not until 1843 that the first telegraph line of consequence was constructed. By 1860 more than 50,000 miles of lines connected people east of the Rockies. The following year, San Francisco was added to the network.

The national telegraph network fortified the ties between East and West and contributed to the rapid expansion of the railroads by providing an efficient means to monitor schedules and routes. Furthermore, the extension of the telegraph, combined with the invention of the stream – driven rotary printing press by Richard M. Hoe in 1846, revolutionized the world of journalism.

Where the business of news gathering had been dependent upon the mail and on hand- operated presses, the telegraph expanded the amount of information a newspaper could supply and allowed for more timely reporting. The establishment of the Associated Press as a central wire service in 1846 marked the advent of a new era in journalism.

81. The main topic of the passage is

A. the history of journalism

B. the origin of the national telegraph

C. how the telegraph network contributed to the expansion of railroads

D. the contributions and development of the telegraph network

82. The word “ gathering” in line 10 refers to

A. people B. information C. objects D. substances

83. The author’s main purpose in this passage is to

A. compare the invention of the telegraph with the invention of the stream -driven rotary press.

B. propose new ways to develop the communications industry

C. show how the electric telegraph affected the communications industry

D. criticize Samuel B. Morse

84. This passage would most likely be found in a

A. U.S history book B. book on trains

C. science textbook D. computer magazine

85. It can be inferred from the passage that

A. Samuel Morse did not make a significant contribution to the communications industry

B. Morse’s invention did not immediately achieve its full potential

C. the extension of the telegraph was more important than its invention

D. journalists have the Associated Press to thank for the birth of the communications industry

Part 3: Fill in each numbered blank with a suitable word. Write your answer in the right box below.

One of the main problems facing the environmental movement is that it may become a victim of its own success. It is now generally accepted that issues such as global warning need to be( 86)…………………. with seriously, and that the Scandinavian forests are being destroyed (87)…………… to the effects of ( 88)……………… rain. Views ( 89)…………… these have now become an accepted part of the political scene, and consumers are constantly bombarded with green or ( 90)…………….friendly products. However, this does not mean that environmental groups can now afford to relax. On the (91)…………………, the green movement must consider how the momentum will( 92) ………………sustained when the current enthusiasm has (93) ………………. The environment must not be ( 94)………………… to fade from people’s minds, because the progress of ecological collapse has already been ( 95)……………. in train, and so far very little has been done to reverse it.

IV: WRITING ( 4/20 points)

Part 1: Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means the same as the sentence before it.

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ĐÁP ÁN

I. PHONETICS: ( 2/20 points)

Part 1: 1/20 points (0,2 point for each correct answer)

1: A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D

Part 2: 1/20 points (0,2 point for each correct answer)

6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A

II. LEXICO- GRAMMAR( 9/ 20 points)

Part 1: 2/ 20 points( 0,1 point for each correct answer)

11. A 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. D

21.B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. D

Part 2: 2/ 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

31. commune – communally 32. benefit – benefits 33. warmth- warm 34. the- a

35. and- or 36. shelter- sheltering 37. can – do 38. expose- exposed

39. was- were 40. with – by

Part 3: 2/ 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

41. impression 42. offensive 43. irritating 44. admiration 45. cowardice

46. adorable 47. attraction 48. gratitude 49. faithful 50. relief

Part 4. 1/ 20 points( 0,1 point for each correct answer)

51. included 52. became 53. were competing 54. was recognized 55. to take over

56. had 57. have 58. has been 59. is 60. is taught

Part 5. 2/ 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

61. down 62. at 63. from 64. beyond 65. on

66. into 67. to 68. for 69. between 70. up

III. READING ( 5/ 20 points)

Part 1: 2/ 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

71. B 72. A 73. C 74. D 75. A 76. B 77. D 78. A 79.C 80. D

Part 2: 1/ 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

81. D 82. B 83. C 84. A 85. B

Part 3: 2/ 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

86. dealt 87. due 88. acid 89. like 90. environmentally

91. contrary 92. be 93. passed 94. allowed 95. set.

IV. WRITING: (4/20 points)

Part 1: 2/ 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

96. It is difficult to imagine our life without music

97. The Finance Minister is reported to disagree with the President

98. All the toys ought to be put away before dinner.

99. Thanks to his help, I could finish the work early.

100. The exam paper may have been seen by some of the students last week.

101. I have serious doubts about his ability to do the job.

102. A secret declaration of independence was made 2 days ago.

103. I’m having my car serviced tomorrow.

104. There is no difference in weight between these two boxes.

105. Maria broke down when she heard the bad news.

Part 2: 2 / 20 points( 0,2 point for each correct answer)

106. It was raining cats and dogs.

107. His outrageous conduct did great harm to the regiment’s reputation.

108. Tooth decay can be prevented by brushing your teeth regularly.

109. There is a ban on smoking on the tube.

110. They have a lot of hobbies and interests in common.

111. Make sure the cord is plugged before you turn the microwave oven on

112. In terms of education his childhood years had been well spent.

113. He is widely regarded as being the best man for the job.

114. If children lack affection, it is harmful.

115. The referee who was determined shouted “ Penalty”

A. LISTENING

B. LEXICO – GRAMMAR

PART IV. Choose the answer A, B, C or D which best fits the space in each of the following sentences.

1. _________ saying was so important that I asked everyone to stop talking and listen.

A. What the woman was

B. That the woman was

C. The woman was

D. When was the woman

2. -“Do you mind if I take a seat?”

- “_____________.”

A. Yes, I don’t mind

B. No, do as you please

C. No I mind

D. Yes, do as you please

3. As the two teams left the football ground, the 100,000 _________ gave them a standing ovation.

A. bystanders

B. spectators

C. viewers

D. audiences

4 My parents lent me the money. _________, I couldn’t have afforded the trip.

A. However

B. Therefore

C. Only if

D. Otherwise

5. It is interesting to take _________ a new hobby such as collecting stamps or going fishing.

A. over

B. on

C. in

D. up

6. Jack made me _________ him next week.

A. promise calling

B. to promise calling

C. to promise to call

D. promise to call

7. “I passed the TOEFL test, Mom.”

- “ _________.”

A. All right

B. Thank you

C. Well done

D. Good luck

8. The bad weather caused serious damage to the crop. If only it _______ warmer.

A. was

B. were

C. has been

D. had been

9. - “Eric is really upset about losing his job.” - “ Well, ____once myself, I can understand.”

A. Having been fired

B. Fired

C. Having fired

D. Being fired

10. ________ you, I’d think twice about that decision. I could be a bad move.

A. Were I

B. Should I be

C. If I am

D. If I had been

11. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted _________ a good answer.

A. put up with

B. keep pace with

C. made way for

D. came up with

12. Not only ________ to speak to him, but she also vowed never to see him again.

A. she refused

B. did she refuse

C. she did refuse

D. when she refused

13. The judge ________ the pedestrian for the accident.

A. accused

B. charged

C. caught

D. blamed

14. She had to borrow her sister’s car because hers was _________.

A. out of work

B. out of order

C. on duty

D. off work

15. We should participate in the movement _________ to conserve the natural environment.

A. to organize

B. organizing

C. which organized

D. organized

16. His brother refuses to even listen to anyone else’s point of view. He is very_________.

A. open-minded

B. kind-hearted

C. narrow-minded

D. absent-minded

17. There is _________ in my bedroom.

A. a square wooden old table

B. an old square wooden table

C. a wooden old square table

D. an old wooden square table

18. “I am sorry. I broke the vase”.

- “ _________.”

A. OK. Go ahead

B. Yes, certainly

C. Don’t worry. Things break

D. I’d rather not.

19. One’s fingerprints are _________ other person.

A. different from

B. different from any

C. differ from any

D. different from those of any

20. He is very happy because he passed his exam with __________ colours.

A. flying

B. failing

C. imagining

D. changing

PART V. From four underlined parts, choose the one that needs correction then correct it.

For example : The teacher did not allow the students discussing the take-home exam with each other.

discussing → to discuss

1. A Geiger counter is an electronic instrument is used to measure the presence and intensity of radiation.

2. A dolphin locates underwater objects in their path by making a series of clicking and whistling sounds.

3. In spite of its small size, Europe had a great impact on world history than other continents.

4. Before she moved here , Alene has been president of the organization for four years.

5. That Marta's been chosen as the most outstanding student on her campus make her parents very happy.

6. My cousin composes not only the music, but also sings the songs for the major Broadway musicals.

7. Our civilization is so commonplace to us that rarely we stop to think about its complexity.

8. Ever since the world began, nations have difficulty in keeping peace with their neighbors.

9. Those of us who have a family history of heart disease should do yearly appointments with our doctors.

10. If one had thought about the alternatives, he would not have chosen such difficult a topic for a term paper.

PART VI. Fill in each space in the following sentences with the most suitable prepositions.

1. I'm afraid Tom's _______ work. But Jack's in. Would you like to speak to him?

2. Have you been to the theatre recently? ~ Yes, I was _______ the Old Vie last night.

3. At first I found the work very tiring, but _______ a few weeks I got used to it.

4. _______ the daytime the streets are crowded but at night they are quite deserted.

5. I saw Tom at the bus stop this morning but couldn't speak to him because we were standing _____ a queue.

6. He is always in a hurry. He drives _______ a tremendous speed.

7. Write ________ ink and put your name on the top of the page.

8. The man with the pipe and red hair is the brother of the girl ________ blue.

9. He sits at his desk all day with his head in his hands. It gets ________ my nerves.

10. The children hastily changed _______ bathing things and jumped into the river with shouts of delight.

PART VII. Give the correct form of the word in bracket to complete the passage.

The __1__ (say) “never judge a book by its cover” could not be more true for Ridiculous Rules by Marjorie Allen. The cover is completely blank, whereas the book is crammed full of wonderful examples and anecdotes. Allen is an __2__ (speak) critic of what is taught to native and non-native speakers of English, and has issued a __3__ (declare) of war against textbooks and style books which tell lies.  Take the ridiculous and __4__ (mean) rule of never ending a sentence with a preposition. The lovely - if famous – story goes, that Winston Churchill, well-known for his numerous __5__ (write) as well as for being British Prime Minister during the Second World War, received a manuscript back from an ignorant __6__ (edit), who had told him rather rudely that he had to __7__ (phrase) a sentence which ended with a preposition. Churchill responded by making the simple yet forceful __8__ (state) in the margin: “This is an impertinence up with which I will not put.” – the __9__ (imply) being that not to end a sentence with a preposition often sounds ridiculous in English, Sadly, Allen informs us that the story is probably mere __10__ (hear), and that Churchill may have actually only written “rubbish!” in the margin.

C. READING

PART VIII. Read the passage and choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to each of the questions

Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the Sun's rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant's gazelles. The overheated body then cools down during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as low as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive buildup of heat does not begin until well into the day.

Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink prodigious volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to imbibe over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to dehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst.

1. What is the main topic of the passage?

A. Weather variations in the desert

B. Adaptations of desert animals

C. Diseased of desert animals

D. Human use of desert animals.

2. According to the passage, why is light coloring an advantage to large desert animals?

A. It helps them hide from predators.

B. It does not absorb sunlight as much as dark colors.

C. It helps them see their young at night

D. It keeps them cool at night.

3. The word "maintaining" is closest in meaning to ___________.

A. measuring

B. inheriting

C. preserving

D. delaying

4. The author uses of Grant's gazelle as an example of ___________.

A. an animal with a low average temperature

B. an animal that is not as well adapted as the camel

C. a desert animal that can withstand high body temperatures

D. a desert animal with a constant body temperature

5. When is the internal temperature of a large desert mammal lower?

A. Just before sunrise

B. In the middle of the day

C. Just after sunset

D. Just after drinking

6. The word "tolerate" is closest in meaning to ___________.

A. endure

B. replace

C. compensate

D. reduce

7. What causes water intoxication?

A. Drinking too much water very quickly

B. Drinking polluted water

C. Bacteria in water

D. Lack of water.

8. What does the author imply about desert-adapted mammals?

A. They do not need to eat much food.

B. They can eat large quantities quickly

C. They easily lose their appetites.

D. They can travel long distances looking for food.

9. Why does the author mention humans in the second paragraph?

A. To show how they use camels.

B. To contrast them to desert mammals.

C. To give instructions about desert survival.

D. To show how they have adapted to desert life.

10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation of large desert animals?

A. Variation in body temperatures

B. Eating while dehydrated

C. Drinking water quickly

D. Being active at night.

PART IX. Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space.

When you read something in a foreign language, you frequently (1)______ across words you do not fully understand. Sometimes you check the meaning in a dictionary and sometimes you (2)______. The strategy you adopt depends very much upon the (3)______ of accuracy you require and the time at your disposal. If you are the sort of person who tends to turn to the dictionary frequently, it is worth remembering that every dictionary has its (4)______. Each definition is only an approximation and one builds up an accurate picture of the meaning of a word only after meeting it in a (5)______ of contexts. It is also important to recognize the special dangers of dictionaries that translate from English into your native language and vice versa. If you must use a dictionary, it is usually far safer to (6)______ an English-English dictionary. In most exams you are not permitted to use a dictionary. (7)______ you are allowed to use one, it is very time-consuming to look up words, and time in exams is usually limited. You are, (8)______ , forced to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words. When you find unknown words in an exam text, it is very easy to panic. However, if you develop efficient techniques for guessing the meaning, you will (9)______ a number of possible problems and help yourself to understand far more of the text than you at first thought likely. Two strategies which may help you guess the meaning of a word are: using contextual clues, both within the sentence and outside, and making use of clues (10)______ from the formation of the word.

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THE END

ĐÁP ÁN

Tổng: 20 điểm, cụ thể như sau:

A. LISTENING – 3 ĐIỂM

PART I: 1,5 điểm = 0,15/ 1 câu đúng

1. twenty-three/ 23

2. blonde / blond

3. blue

4. average

5. computer programmer

6. music

7.( watching ) TV

8. outgoing

9. music/ sports

10. sports/ music

PART II: 0,7 điểm = 0,1/ 1 câu đúng

1. F

2. F

3. F

4. T

5. F

6. T

7. T

8.F

PART III: 0,8 điểm = 0,1/ 1 câu đúng

1. C

2. C

3. B

4. A

5. C

6. D

7. B

B. LEXICO – GRAMMAR – 8 ĐIỂM

PART IV: 4 điểm = 0,2 / 1 câu đúng

1. A

2. B

3. B

4. D

5. D

6. D

7. C

8. D

9. A

10.A

11. D

12. B

13. D

14. B

15. D

16. C

17. B

18. C

19. D

20. A

PART V: 2 điểm = 0,1 / 1 câu đúng

1. is used → used

2. their path → its path

3. great impact → greater impact

4. has been → had been

5. make → makes/made

6. composes not only → not only composes

7. rarely we stop → rarely do we stop

8. have difficulty → have had difficulty

9. do yearly → make yearly

10. such difficult → so difficult

PART VI: 1 điểm = 0,1 / 1 câu đúng

1. at

2. at

3. for

4. in

5. in

6. at

7. in

8. in

9. on

10. into

PART VII: 1 điểm = 0,1 / 1 câu đúng

1. saying

2. outspoken

3. declaration

4. meaningless

5. writings

6. editor

7. rephrase

8. statement

9. implication

10. hearsay

C. READING – 4 ĐIỂM

PART VIII: 2 điểm = 0,2 / 1 câu đúng

1. B

2. B

3. C

4. C

5. A

6. A

7. A

8. D

9. B

10. D

PART IX: 2 điểm = 0,2 / 1 câu đúng

1. D

2. B

3. C

4. C

5. B

6. B

7. D

8. B

9. D

10. A

D. WRITING – 5 ĐIỂM

Part IX: 2 điểm = 0,2 / 1 câu đúng

my student has performed in Canada.

1. This will be the first time

2. In six months time we will have completed this course.

3. More people understand him than he expected./ has expected/ expects.

4. The moment he finishes she'll have to make her presentation.

5. Once Sharon finishes her exams, she will have more free time

6. Neither Mary nor Peter prefers classical music to jazz.

7. I had my car repaired at the garage in town.

8. I will not/never speak to you (again).

9. I'd rather stay in than go out.

10. If my student has given the performance in Canada.

the questions hadn’t been easy,

they wouldn’t have passed the driving test.

the questions had been (more) difficult,

they would have failed the driving test.

It hadn’t been for the easy questions,

Part X: 3 điểm

- Nội dung (content): 1.5 điểm

- Từ vựng (vocabulary): 0.5 điểm

- Ngữ pháp (grammar): 0.5 điểm

- Tính mạch lạc và trôi chảy (coherence and cohesion) + độ dài (length): 0.5 điểm

PART 1. LISTENING (2 points)

A. Listen and circle the best answer.

1. This is _________ .

A. a survey

B. an interview

C. a face-to-face conversation

D. a chat

2. The people talking __________.

A. are co-workers

B. are friends

C. are colleagues

D. do not know each other

3. The passenger’s bags haven’t arrived because _________.

A. they have been missed

B. they have been postponed

C. they have been taken by mistake

D. they have been stolen

B. Listen again and complete the information on the form.

Missing Baggage Details

Flight number:

(4) _____________ From: (5)____________

Passenger Name: (6) _____________

First name:

(7) _____________

Number of bags (8) _____________ Phone : (9) ____________

Length of stay: (10) ____________ at : _Princess Hotel____

PART 2. PHONETICS

I. Circle the correct answer (A, B, C or D) that has the underlined letter(s) pronounced differently from the rest (1 point).

1. A. thank

B. band

C. complain

D. insert

2. A. lays

B. says

C. stays

D. plays

3. A. scholarship

B. chaos

C. cherish

D. chorus

4. A. message

B. privilege

C. college

D. collage

5. A. talked

B. naked

C. asked

D. liked

II. Circle the correct answer (A, B, C or D) whose main stress is placed differently from

the others (1 point)

1. A. individual

B. reputation

C. experience

D. scientific

2. A. carpenter

B. revise

C. ignore

D. traditional

3. A. necessary

B. achieve

C. poetic

D. communicate

4. A. influence

B. modern

C. consider

D. different

5. A. contain

B. poisonous

C. chemical

D. scientist

PART 3. LANGUAGE FOCUS

I. Circle the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the sentences below. (1 point).

1.There are not thing special about his clothes ………..from his flowery tie.

A. but

B. except

C. other

D. apart

2. I’d ……….you explained to her why we can’t go.

A. better

B. rather

C. want

D. need

3. I …………we meet outside the cinema tomorrow at 8.30.

A. think

B. suggest

C. consider

D. introduce

4. I walked away as calmly as I could ………..they thought I was the thief.

A. or else

B. to avoid

C. owing to

D. in case

5. ………..the step when you go in.

A. Consider

B. Mind

C. Attend

D. Look

6. ………..of all of us who are tonight, I would like to thank Mr Jones for his talk.

A. On behalf

B. On account

C. In person

D. Instead

7. She refused to eat meat under any ………….

A. circumtances

B. occasion

C. opportunity

D. reason

8. There was nothing they could do …………….leave the car at the roadside where it had

brokendown.

A. than

B.unless

C. instead of

D. but

9. To our ………..his illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.

A. anxiety

B. eyes

C. belief

D. judgement

10. Mary Smith decided to give up her job for the …………of her children.

A. sake

B. care

C. mean

D. concern

II. Choose the best option (A, B, C or D) to complete the passage below. (1 point)

PAINTING

Nancy Andrews’ latest exhibition at the Seagull Gallery proves that she is one of our most (1) ................... painters. She has emerged from her (2) ................... phase, in which the influence of Picasso was apparent, and returned to a more (3) ................... style of painting, but without losing her (4) ................... sense of colour and form. She has chosen (5) ................... themes for this show, and her portrait of Bacchus, for example, has a wonderful (6) ................... about it. But the most (7) ...................work is the large canvas called simply “Mars”. It is a (8) ................... study, in various shades of red and gold, and its balanced (9) ...................gives it a pleasing, even restful feel, despite the (10) ................... of its subject matter.

1. A. gifting      B. gift       C. gifts      D. gifted

2. A. cubist     B. cubism      C. cubical         D. cubic

3. A. tradition        B. traditional       C. traditionalized        D. traditionalizing

4. A. delight         B. delighted          C. delightful        D. delighting

5. A. mythology        B. mythologic         C. mythological           D. mythologious

6. A. simplify       B. simplicity      C. simplification           D. simple

7. A. impressive        B. impression          C. impress         D. impressed

8. A. coloured        B. colourless          C. colour       D. colourful

9. A. compose        B. composing        C. composition          D. composion

10. A. violence      B. violent    C. violency          D. violently

III. Put the words in brackets into the correct forms. (1 point)

Computers have had the ability to play chess for many years now, and their ………………….. (1. PERFORM) in games against the best players in the world has shown steady improvement. However, it will be years before the designers of computer games machines can beat their ………………….. (2. BIG) challenge yet – the ancient board game called “Go”. The playing area is ………………….. (3. CONSIDERABLE) larger than in chess and there are far more pieces, so that the combination of movies is almost endless. The game involves planning so many moves ahead that even the impressive calculations of the fastest modern computers are ………………….. (4. SUFFICIENT) to deal with the problems of the game. In a recent competition for computer “Go” machines, the best machine beat all its rivals, but lost ………………….. (5. HEAVY) to three young schoolchildren, so there is obviously still a lot of work to do.

IV. Supply the correct verb tenses of the verbs in brackets. (1 point)

1. She says that she (live) …………….. in the countryside when she (be) ……………. a child.

2. Oil (leak) ……………….. from a petrol tanker onto the motorway, so the police (close) …………….. off the section between Junctions 5 and 6.

3. Foreign currency (convert) …………….. into sterling at a number of points in the city, but the best rate and lowest commisson charges (provide) ………………… at banks.

4. Most of the news on the front page of both daily newspapers (concern) ……………. the progress of the peace conference.

5. Why are you carrying that saw? ∼ I (shorten) ………………. the legs of the dining room table.

V. Choose the best option (A, B, C, D) to complete each of the sentences below. (1 point)

1. “Do well and do not ...................”

A. look around

B. look round

C. look up

D. look down

2. At this time of the year, we are always...................with applications for training course.

A. snowed under

B. come under

C. kept under

D. gone under

3. I was asked to...................with a scheme to reduce the pollution caused by our factory.

A. make up

B. set up

C. come up

D. check up

4. We were all too happy when he managed to...................the deal...................

A. run/ through

B. go/ through

C. get/ through

D. put/ through

5. I ...................to the man when I saw him collapse, but it was too late.

A. stole up

B. come up

C. faced up

D. rushed up

VI. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as

the sentence printed before it (2 points)

1. In my opinion you are not telling the truth.

 I suggest that......................................................................................................................

2. They reported that she was a policewoman.

She .....................................................................................................................................

3. “I’m sorry I didn’t ring you to say I’d be late”, he said.

He.......................................................................................................................................

4. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made.

No sooner ..........................................................................................................................

5. The only thing that prevented the passing of the bill was the death of the Prime Minister.

Had it not ..........................................................................................................................

VII. Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. (2 points)

1. Your attitude will have to change if you want to succeed. (leaf)

.................................................................................................................................................

2. You couldn’t do anything more stupid than to give up your job now. (height)

.................................................................................................................................................

3. The trouble all came about because our computers crashed. (stemmed)

.................................................................................................................................................

4. Do you have to wear a uniform at school? (compulsory)

.................................................................................................................................................

5. The way many sportsmen behave in public influences their young fans. (impression)

.................................................................................................................................................

PART 4. READING

I. Read the text below and give the word which best fits each space. (1 point)

One of the greatest problems with holidays, (1)……………... from the usual travel

complications and accommodation difficulties, (2)…………………..… the expectations people have of them. When we go on holiday we expect to leave all the stresses and strains of our daily lives (3)…………….... us. We imagine we will be able to escape to (4)…………….. a degree that we even tend to believe, consciously or not, that we can change our own personalities and become completely different people. The average business-person, tense, preoccupied, short-tempered (5)……………….. to relax, envisages herself/himself (6)……………... from the moment of locking the office door, a radically different (7)…………..…. of person: carefree, good-humoured, ready to relax and enjoy whatever adventures present (8)……………. In practice, we take ourselves with us (9)…………….. we go, and the personality that is shaped over years of stress and tension is almost impossible to shake off at a moment’s notice. It is no wonder so many holidays are a disappointment, no matter how smoothly they go or how lovely the weather is. In fact, the frequent problems that crop (10)………..….. during the average holiday are probably a welcome distraction from the nagging feeling that we are not enjoying ourselves as much as we should.

II. Read the passage below and circle the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each question. (3.0 points)

The fertile valleys of the river Nile straddle the hot desert land of Egypt. Rain is relatively scarce, and the summers are scorching hot. Nevertheless the strip of land, known as the Cultivation, on either side of the Nile is reputed to be one of the most fertile places in the world. Its rich black soil is the result of accumulation of silt deposited by the annual flooding of the Nile thousands of years ago. From June to October, the river overflowed its banks. Modern damps were then constructed to control the flooding. The floodwaters left behind a rich sticky black mud which made it suitable for the cultivation of crops. As long as the soil was well irrigated, two or three crops could be grown in one season. Its rich soil led to the growth and rise of the brilliant civilization of the ancient Egyptians on the Nile valley more than 5000 years ago. The earliest Egyptians had acquired the skills to till the land along the banks, drawing water from the Nile for irrigation purposes. As the villagers along the Nile became wealthy, they embarked on projects of digging ditches and constructing dams to control the floods.

In about 3100 BC, the whole Egypt was united under the reign of King Menes. He and his descendants made up Egypt’s first ruling family, or dynasty. His rule led to the great development of the arts like writing, painting, architecture, and crafts. Egyptian power and influence were and influence were to last for the next 2000 years. The Egyptian kings had absolute powers. The king possesses all the land, and the peasants had to surrender part of their crops to the king. An army of officials and scribes did the task of collecting the exact amount of due from the individual farmers was united. Crops and livestock were often seen at the storehouses surrounding the royal palaces. In return for their uphill task, the king paid his officials and dishes out funds for huge irrigation projects. Egypt’s trade with the outside world stretches far and wide. In return for gold, copper, gemstones, and building stores, it purchases the goods that it did not have. Timber, resins, oils, silver and slaves came from Lebanon. From Deria and Anatolia came horses, while the blue stone called lapis lazuli was imported from Mesopotamia. Strong forts were constructed to protect overland trade routes. Egypt held Nubia in the south for almost 800 years. It served as Egypt’s most vital source of gold and slaves.

1. The civilization of the ancient Egyptians was brought about by ………..

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ĐÁP ÁN

PART 1. LISTENING

Each correct answer gets 0.2p

1. C 2. D 3. B

4. UA675

5. Tokyo

6. Johnstone

7. Bill

8. 2

9. 555-432 10. 3

PART 2. PHONETICS

I. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.2p

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B

II. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.2p

1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. A

PART 3. LANGUAGE FOCUS

I. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.1p

1. D 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A

II. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.1p

1.D

2.A

3.B

4.C

5.C

6.B

7.A

8.D

9.C

10. A

III. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.2p

1. performance

2. biggest

3. considerably

4. insufficient 5. heavily

IV. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.2p

1. lived – was

2. is leaking – are closing

3. can be converted – are provided

4. concerns

5. am going to shorten

V. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.2p

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.D

5. D

VI. 2 points. Each correct answer gets 0.4p

1. I suggest that you be telling the truth.

2. She was reported to be a policewoman.

3. He apologized (to me) for not ringing me to say he’d be late.

4. No sooner had the announcement been made than everyone started complaining.

5. Had it not been the death of the Prime Minister, the bill’d have been passed.

VII. 2 points. Each correct answer gets 0.4p

1. You will have to turn over a new leaf if you want to suceed.

2. It would be the height of your stupidity to give up your job now.

3. The trouble all stemmed from our computers crashing.

4. Is it compulsory for you to wear a uniform at school?

5. The way many sportsmen behave in public makes an impression on their young fans.

PART 4. READING

I. 1 point. Each correct answer gets 0.1p

1. apart

2. is

3. behind

4. such

5. unable

6. as

7. kind

8. themselves

9. wherever 10. up

II. 3 points. Each correct answer gets 0.3p

1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10.A

PART 5. WRITING (3 points)

From 2.75 to 3 : Excellent

Natural Englsh with minimal errors and complete realisation of the task set.

From 2 to 2,5 : Good

Good vocabulary and structure. Errors non-basic.

From 1.5 to 1.75 : pass

Simple but accurate realisation of task. Not many errors

Form 1 to 1.25 : Weak

Reasonably correct with some serious errors.

Form 0 to 0.75 : Very poor

Incoherent.Errors showing lack of basic knowledge of English.

PART 1. LISTENING (2 points)

A. Listen and circle the best answer.

1. This is _________ .

A. a survey

B. an interview

C. a face-to-face conversation

D. a chat

2. The people talking __________

A. are co-workers

B. are friends

C. are colleagues

D. do not know each other

3. The passenger’s bags haven’t arrived because _________

A. they have been missed

B. they have been postponed

C. they have been taken by mistake

D. they have been stolen

B. Listen again and complete the information on the form.

Missing Baggage Details

Flight number:

(4) _____________ From: (5)____________

Passenger Name: (6) _____________

First name:

(7) _____________

Number of bags (8) _____________ Phone : (9) ____________

Length of stay: (10) ____________ at : _Princess Hotel____

PART 2. PHONETICS

I. Circle the correct answer (A, B, C or D) that has the underlined letter(s) pronounced differently from the rest (1 point).

1. A. thank

B. band

C. complain

D. insert

2. A. lays

B. says

C. stays

D. plays

3. A. scholarship

B. chaos

C. cherish

D. chorus

4. A. message

B. privilege

C. college

D. collage

5. A. talked

B. naked

C. asked

D. liked

II. Circle the correct answer (A, B, C or D) whose main stress is placed differently from

the others (1 point)

1. A. individual

B. reputation

C. experience

D. scientific

2. A. carpenter

B. revise

C. ignore

D. traditional

3. A. necessary

B. achieve

C. poetic

D. communicate

4. A. influence

B. modern

C. consider

D. different

5. A. contain

B. poisonous

C. chemical

D. scientist

PART 3. LANGUAGE FOCUS

I. Circle the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the sentences below. (1 point).

1.There are not thing special about his clothes ………..from his flowery tie.

A. but

B. except

C. other

D. apart

2. I’d ……….you explained to her why we can’t go.

A. better

B. rather

C. want

D. need

3. I …………we meet outside the cinema tomorrow at 8.30.

A. think

B. suggest

C. consider

D. introduce

4. I walked away as calmly as I could ………..they thought I was the thief.

A. or else

B. to avoid

C. owing to

D. in case

5. ………..the step when you go in.

A. Consider

B. Mind

C. Attend

D. Look

 

6. ………..of all of us who are tonight, I would like to thank Mr Jones for his talk.

A. On behalf

B. On account

C. In person

D. Instead

7. She refused to eat meat under any ………….

A. circumtances

B. occasion

C. opportunity

D. reason

8. There was not thing they could do …………….leave the car at the roadside where it had

brokendown.

A. than

B.unless

C. instead of

D. but

9. To our ………..his illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.

A. anxiety

B. eyes

C. belief

D. judgement

10. Mary Smith decided to give up her job for the …………of her children.

A. sake

B. care

C. mean

D. concern

II. Choose the best option (A, B, C or D) to complete the passage below. (1 point)

NATURE

Since the world has become (1) ..................., there has been an increase in the number of animal species that have either become extinct or have neared (2) ................... . Bengal tigers, for instance, which once roamed the jungles in vast numbers, now (3) ...................only about 2,300 and by the year 2025 their population is estimated to be down to zero. What is (4) ................... about the case of the Bengal tiger is that this extinction will have been caused almost entirely by (5) ................... who, according to some sources, are not interested in material gain but in personal (6) ................... This is an example of the (7) ................... that is part of what is causing the problem of extinction. Animals like the Bengal tiger, as well as other (8) ...................species, are a valuable part of the world’s ecosystem. International laws (9) ................... these animals must (10) ................... to ensure their survival, and the survival of our planet.

1. A. industrialized

B. industry

C. industrial

D. industrialize

2. A. extinctation

B. extinctive

C. extinct

D. extinction

3. A. is numbering

B. numbered

C. number

D. is numbered

4. A. alarmist

B. alarmed

C. alarm

D. alarming

5. A. poacher

B. poachers

C. poachors

D. poachor

6. A. gratificating

B. gratify

C. gratification

D. gratifiation

7. A. callous

B. callously

C. callousness

D. callosity

8. A. dangered

B. endangered

C. endanger

D. dangerous

9. A. protecting

B. protect

C. protected

D. is protected

10. A. be acted

B. be enacted

C. be enacting

D. be acting

III. Put the words in brackets into the correct forms. (1 point)

Air travel has become much cheaper in recent years, and ……………… (1. TOUR) go on foreign holidays in large numbers every year. The huge travel and tourism industry brings money to many of the poorer countries around the world. The ……………… (2. ARRIVE) of large numbers of visitors every year requires very good organization and planning. However, many countries have ……………..…….. (3. DEVELOPMENT) huge tourist center without much thought for ………………. (4. LOCATION) people and ………………. (5. WILD).

IV. Supply the correct verb tenses of the verbs in brackets. (1 point)

1. She says that she (live) …………. in the countryside when she (be) ………..….. a child.

2. Oil (leak) ………….… from a petrol tanker onto the motorway, so the police (close) …………... off the section between Junctions 5 and 6.

3. Foreign currency (convert) ……….…… into sterling at a number of points in the city, but the best rate and lowest commisson charges (provide) …………. at banks.

4. Most of the news on the front page of both daily newspapers (concern) …………... the progress of the peace conference.

5. Why are you carrying that saw? ∼ I (shorten) ……….... the legs of the dining room table.

V. Choose the best option (A, B, C, D) to complete each of the sentences below. (1 point)

1. The doctor vaccinated the baby...................polio.

A. against

B. with

C. to

D. without

2. She threw the stone...................the dog when it started to chase her.

A. to

B. toward

C. at

D. against

3. They learned to accept their stepmother...................time.

A. on

B. at

C. all

D. in

4. Have you ever lost...................anybody...................a game...................tennis?

A. to/ in/ of

B. to/ for/ of

C. with/ in/ of

D. to/ in/ in

5. Would you like to live...................an igloo...................some time? An igloo is a house

that is made...................blocks...................snow or ice. It’s so romantic.

A. in/ at/ of/ of

B. in/ for/ of/ of

C. in/ for/ of/ with D. in/ at/ by/ with

VI. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it (2 points)

1. Small fishing boats continued to sail out though the coastguard had warned them not to do so.

Despite ...............................................................................................................................

2. They’re willing to work hard and we are surprised about that.

We’re surprised..................................................................................................................

3. If you have a better job, you get higher pay.

The better the job, ..............................................................................................................

4. They took away his passport so that he wouldn’t leave the country.

They prevented ..................................................................................................................

5. You will never meet anyone more generous than Mrs. Jones.

Mrs. Jones is the most

VII. Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. (2 points)

1. Your attitude will have to change if you want to succeed. (leaf)

…………………………………………………………………………………….

2. You couldn’t do anything more stupid than to give up your job now. (height)

………………………………………………………………….

3. The trouble all came about because our computers crashed. (stemmed)

……………………………………………………………………….

4. Do you have to wear a uniform at school? (compulsory)

…………………………………………………………………….

5. The way many sportsmen behave in public influences their young fans. (impression)

………………………………………………………………….

PART 4. READING

I. Read the text below and give the word which best fits each space. (1 point)

After living (1) …. the threat of extinction for more than 30 years, the national bird of the United States has been granted an official reprieve, as the bald eagle and twenty- eight other animal and plant species have been earmarked (2) …. removal from America’s list of endangered species. The bald eagle, also known as the white-headed sea eagle, took pride of place at the top of a list of species likely to (3) …. taken off the endangered register in the coming years. The proposed “delistings” are being promoted by the US interior secretary to counter a growing feeling among Republicans that endangered species laws do not work. Charges of ineffectiveness have been (4) ….against these laws before, but more recently it has even been suggested that the situation may actually have been (5) ….. worse by them. The recovery of the bald eagle follows thirty-one years on the critical list. Its numbers had been (6) …. to fewer than five hundred through the use of pesticides that reacted adversely (7) …. its reproductive system. The number of nesting pairs is now estimated at five thousand. The interior secretary claims that the new list was a vindication of the legislation under which the eagle, a national symbol (8) …. originally from the Indians, and more than a thousand other species were protected.(A spokesperson denied that it was simply a publicity stunt timed to coincide with the swearing (9) .… of the president for his second term). Until now, few species have (10)…. been removed from the list. When they were, it was usually because they had become extinct.

II. Read the passage below and circle the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each question. (3.0 points)

The fertile valleys of the river Nile straddle the hot desert land of Egypt. Rain is relatively scarce, and the summers are scorching hot. Nevertheless the strip of land, known as the Cultivation, on either side of the Nile is reputed to be one of the most fertile places in the world. Its rich black soil is the result of accumulation of silt deposited by the annual flooding of the Nile thousands of years ago. From June to October, the river overflowed its banks. Modern damps were then constructed to control the flooding. The floodwaters left behind a rich sticky black mud which made it suitable for the cultivation of crops. As long as the soil was well irrigated, two or three crops could be grown in one season. Its rich soil led to the growth and rise of the brilliant civilization of the ancient Egyptians on the Nile valley more than 5000 years ago. The earliest Egyptians had acquired the skills to till the land along the banks, drawing water from the Nile for irrigation purposes. As the villagers along the Nile became wealthy, they embarked on projects of digging ditches and constructing dams to control the floods.

In about 3100 BC, the whole Egypt was united under the reign of King Menes. He and his descendants made up Egypt’s first ruling family, or dynasty. His rule led to the great development of the arts like writing, painting, architecture, and crafts. Egyptian power and influence were and influence were to last for the next 2000 years. The Egyptian kings had absolute powers. The king possesses all the land, and the peasants had to surrender part of their crops to the king. An army of officials and scribes did the task of collecting the exact amount of due from the individual farmers was united. Crops and livestock were often seen at the storehouses surrounding the royal palaces. In return for their uphill task, the king paid his officials and dishes out funds for huge irrigation projects. Egypt’s trade with the outside world stretches far and wide. In return for gold, copper, gemstones, and building stores, it purchases the goods that it did not have. Timber, resins, oils, silver and slaves came from Lebanon. From Deria and Anatolia came horses, while the blue stone called lapis lazuli was imported from Mesopotamia. Strong forts were constructed to protect overland trade routes. Egypt held Nubia in the south for almost 800 years. It served as Egypt’s most vital source of gold and slaves.

1. The civilization of the ancient Egyptians was brought about by ………..

A. the rich alluvial soil of the Nile

B. Egypt’s first ruling family

C. the highly-developed writing, painting, architecture and crafts

D. Egypt’s trade with the outside world

2. Egyptian slaves came from ……….

A. Mesopotamia

B. Syria and Anatolia C. Lebanon

D. Palestine

3. The king was wealthy because ……….

A. huge irrigation projects were set up

B. farmer paid him their tribute

C. he was in absolute power

D. he possessed all the land

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ĐÁP ÁN

Nowadays, large cities are becoming more and more inhabited. The majority of the population prefer living in a big town mainly because of the great advantages it has compared to living in the countryside. However, what are the benefits of this situation, and what are the drawbacks? In this essay, I will explore the pros and cons of living in a large city and try to draw some conclusions.

Let’s start looking at the advantages. One of the main positives of a big town is the large amount of shops available in every corner of the city. What I mean by this is that whenever you live, there are some useful stores like supermarkets, banks, tobacconists and clothing stores where you can easily buy everything you need without going to the city center. Secondly, living in a big town is a big challenge for evening parties. In London, for example, there are so many things to do in the evenings like going to the cinema, to the pub or to the park during the summer period.

Turning to the other side of the argument, traffic could be one of the major disadvantages of living in a big city. Many people take the car everyday and it has also been proved that the majority of the families have at least two cars. This means that you have to deal with rush-hour traffic on your way to work and on your way back. In addition, in a big town there is consequently a lot of smog and this can really affect people’s health.

To sum up, living in a big city has great advantages but also some significant negatives.You have to weigh up to the pros of enjoying evenings’ nights outside and the availability of many shops and the cons of cope with smog and traffic issues. Personally, I believe that the benefits of enjoying the city-life and the comfort of having shops at every corner, eventually overweigh the negatives.

PART A. LISTENING

I. Listen and choose the best answer. (10 pts)

1. Paddy is interested in the sports programme because……………….

A. he needs a qualification to teach PE.

B. he wants to improve his general teaching skills.

C. he has been told to attend it.

2. The swimming course concentrates on ……………….

A. competitive swimming.

B. teaching beginners.

C. technical aspects of swimming.

3. Paddy is interested in the equestrian course because……………….

A. he thinks it will help him get better employment.

B. there is great interest in this sport in his present school.

C. he has always been interested in riding.

4. The beginners on the equestrian course will be taught……………….

A. basic horsemanship.

B. only dressage and show jumping.

C. only flat work and show jumping.

5. When is the deadline for enrolment?

A. mid-April

B. late April

C. early May

II. Listen to part of a radio programme. Decide whether the information in each sentence is true or false.(10 pts)

1. Data mining has only just been discovered.

2. Data mining is the same as information retrieval.

3. Shops use data mining to hire more professional staff.

4. Data from crime reports was not enough to fight crime effectively.

5. Police use data mining to identify possible future crime spots.

III. You will hear a report about dolphins. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.(20 pts)

Dolphins have been known to protect swimmers from sharks by getting into a

(1) ________.

Dolphins and humans have (2) ________ of the same size.

Swimming with dolphins can help common problems like (3) ________.

Some people think dolphins are able to recognize human (4) ________.

Dolphins have been used to teach children (5) ________.

Swimming with dolphins is used (6)__________ in projects with children.

In one jaw, dolphins have as many as (7) ________.

Dolphins can maintain a fast pace in the water for (8) ________ without stopping.

Dolphins make use of (9) _______ to find fish.

Dolphins can be caught in (10)________ or damaged by pollution.

PART B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR

I. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the sentences.(10 pts)

1. She saw ________ the deception immediately.

A. round

B. past

C. into

D. through

2. Lack of sleep over the last few months is finally ________ Jane.

A. catching up with

B. getting on with

C. coming over

D. putting on

3. Please don’t ________ it amiss if I make a few suggestions for improvement.

A. think

B. assume

C. take

D. judge

4. - "Would you like to join our volunteer group this summer?"

- "______"

A. Do you think I would?

B. I wouldn't. Thank you.

C. Yes, you're a good friend.

D. Yes, I'd love to. Thanks.

5. If I make a fool of myself in front of my friends, I’ll never ________ it down.

A. let

B. give

C. settle

D. live

6. Because of his poor health, it took him along time to ________ his bad cold.

A. throw off

B. throw away

C. throw down

D. throw over

7. He is late for every conference without ________.

A. suspicion

B. fail

C. doubt

D. delay

8. The woman’s clothes gave no ________to her origin.

A. sign

B. signal

C. clue

D. hint

9. In spite of his poor education, he was the most ________ speaker.

A. articulate

B. ambiguous

C. attentive

D. authoritarian

10. Sheila couldn’t attend the meeting as the date ________ with her holidays.

A. clashed

B. struck

C. opposed

D. occurred

11. Her refusal to join us is nothing ________ of ridiculous.

A. less

B. more

C. short

D. far

12. I don’t want lots of excuses, I just want to hear the ________ truth.

A. clear

B. pure

C. right

D. plain

13. It was with a ________ heart that she said goodbye to all her colleagues.

A. solemn

B. heavy

C. dismal

D. grim

14. When facing problems, it is important to keep a sense of ________ .

A. proportion

B. introspection C. relativity

D. comparison

15. “But son,” I told him , “you ’re my own_______.

A. heart to heart B. body and soul C. flesh and blood D. skin and bone

16. Seeing her mother shot by a terrorist left an _______impression on the young child’s mind.

A. instant

B. indelible

C. indefinite

D. infinite

17. Children can be difficult to teach because of their short attention __________ .

A. limit

B. duration

C. span

D. time

18. “Another cup of coffee?” — “No, but thanks __________.

A. not at all

B. for all

C. all the same

D. you for all

19. _______ are a form of carbon has been known since the late eighteenth century.

A. Diamonds

B. Because diamonds

C. That diamonds

D. Diamonds, which

20. One of the tenets of New Criticism is that a critic need not tell readers

_____ about a story.

A. which thinking B. what to think

C. that thinking

D. to think what

II. The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Underline the mistakes and correct them. (10 pts)

Oxford is a city with such a mind-blowing reputation that many who come here find them intimidated by the place and can’t wait to leave, while others, taking with it like a duck to water, find themselves returning again and again. The college lawns provide a gorgeous backdrop to seriously study, and in the right light, on a sunny winter’s morning saying, one feels as if one is floated on air, such is the sense of unreality. Oxford may like to pretend that it is at the intellectual hub of things, but in many ways it is no less than a sleepy backwater where, to mix metaphors, transitory students, the cream of their generation, wait for the wings, allowing their talents to flourish before moving off into the industrial or political fast-lane. Much of this is the myth, of course. Hardship and hard work are very much part and parcel of student life. The level-headed get through the three years’ hard grind by simple putting their shoulders to the wheel before going on to fairly average jobs. Only for the tiny minor is Oxford the first step on the ladder to fame and fortune.

III. Fill in each of the blanks a suitable preposition (10 pts)

1. The doctor is busy right now, but she could probably fit you ______ later.

2. It was a good idea, but I am afraid it didn’t quite come______

3. I couldn’t pin Ann ______ to a definite answer.

4. His heart attack was brought ______by too much stress at work.

5. The victims of the industrial accident should, ______ rights, be compensated by the factory owners.

6. As nobody seems to know what to do next, may I put ______ a proposal?

7. I’m sorry to hear that Dick and Peter have fallen ______.They were such good friends.

8. He was taken ______by her aggressive attitude.

9. His business has gone ______, and he has lost everything.

10.My husband brought me some flowers today. He must be ______ something!

IV. Write the correct form of the word given in brackets. (15 pts)

1. The government’s policy on arms is shocking. It is quite _____ (defend)

2. Despite going to German classes twice a week, I don’t feel I’m making much _____ with the language. (head)

3. John always knows how to _______the party with his jokes. (lively)

4. The fire-prevention system is _____ by any small increase in temperature. (active)

5. The government’s ______ approach has brought criticism. (compromise)

6. Your presence has enriched our lives________(measure).

7. She won the first prize in the contest due to her________(persuade)

8. All________ must be received before July 20th 2007. (apply)

9. The women employed in the mines were ______ young and married. (dominance)

10. The outcome of the election is a ______ conclusion. (go)

VI. Write the correct form of the word given in brackets. (15 pts)

The Meaning of Dreams

Until the twentieth century most scientists argued that dream were nothing but a random jumble of completely (1) COMPREHEND ……. images remaining from the sensory accumulation of our daily lives. Since the idea that dreams have meaning in their own way became popular, (2) PSYCHOLOGY………. have proposed (3) COUNT ……. theories to explain the logic of dreams. The bewildering nature of this logic reflects the primary source of the dreams outside the tidy confines of the conscious mind. A dream can be a response to events in the outside world, or it can (4) ORIGIN …… within, expressing aspects of the dreamer’s deep-seated feelings; it can fulfil desires or highlight unresolved emotions in the dreamer’s life. Not (5) EXPECT……, the contradictions implicit in these complex processes are reflected in the syntax of dreams. Often (6) ENIGMA……., halting and fragmentary, the language of dreams can warp time, bringing together historical and contemporary figures. It can mix the familiar with the (7) KNOW……., and work fantastic transformations by its own band of magic. Scenes in dreams merge (8) MYSTERY……. into one another, as in certain movies. People or animals may fly or inanimate things may move (9) DEPEND…… and talk. It is out of such complex and contrary (10) HAPPEN…… that the meanings of dreams have to be teased.

PART C. READING

I. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space. (15 pts)

A Powerful Influence

There can be no (1)…..at all that the internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the internet, hardly (2)….. doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are (3)…..to find out why the internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be (4)…..for their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time (5)…..their computer? Obviously, if children are bent over their computers for hours,(6)…..in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should (7)…..of the internet, and the child should give his or her (8)…..that it won’t interfere with homework. If the child is not holding to this arrangement, the parent can take more drastic (9)…… Dealing with a child’s use of the Internet is not much different from (10)…..any other sort of bargain about behaviour. Any parent who is (11)…..alarmed about a child’s behavior should make an appointment to (12)…..the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not (13)…..affect a child’s performance at school. Even if a child is (14)…..crazy about using the internet, he or she is probably just (15)…..through a phase, and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!

1. A. doubt       B. reason        C. purpose     D. motive

2. A. always      B. rarely        C. never     D. ever

3. A. worried        B. concerned      C. curious       D. hopeful

4. A. harming      B. harmful       C. hurting     D. hurtful

5. A. staring at      B. glancing at    C. looking      D. watching

6. A. supposed      B. occupied     C. interested   D. absorbed

7. A. do            B. have           C. make       D. create

8. A. word       B. promise       C. vow      D. claim

9. A. rules       B. procedures         C. regulations    D. steps

10. A. dealing        B. negotiating        C. having    D. arranging

11. A. widely        B. heavily       C. seriously      D. broadly

12. A. speak      B. discuss        C. talk     D. debate    D. consequently

13. A. possibly     B. necessarily     C. probably   D. a lot

14. A. absolutely     B. more      C. quite

15. A. going          B. passing      C. travelling       D. walking

II. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word. (15 pts)

Endangered species

The future of African elephant depends on man. No (1)______ can human beings and wild animals live in (2)______throughout vast areas of the continent as was possible in days gone by, for man’s needs have increased as well as his numbers. There are regions, such as the Congo forests and the equatorial Sudan, (3)______ the old relationship may remain for a few more years or even generations, but in general it has gone. Conservation, (4)______it is to be effective, must be a positive, constructive policy, and it is (5)______ thinking to imagine otherwise, particularly in the case of the elephant. And if this is not yet true of the whole of Africa, it soon will be, for the increase in the human population is almost universal. Where human beings and wild animals find (6) ______ in competition with each other, the animals will lose. Even if (7)______ appears to be enough room for both, man will not tolerate (8)______ long a situation in which elephants and other creatures make even occasional raids on his fields of food or economic crops. For many years (9)______ has been a major cause of conflicting interests and (10)______ of the reasons why so many elephants have been shot to control their numbers.

III. Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each question. (15pts)

The first scientific attempt at coaxing moisture from a cloud was in 1946, when scientist Vincent Schaefer dropped 3 pounds of dry ice from an airplane into a cloud and, to his delight, produced snow. The success of the experiment was modest, but it spawned optimism among farmers and ranchers around the country. It seemed to them that science had finally triumphed over weather. Unfortunately, it didn’t work out that way. Although there were many cloud-seeding operations, during the late 1940s and the 1950s, no one could say whether they had any effect on precipitation. Cloud seeding, or weather modification as it came to be called, was dearly more complicated than had been thought. It was not until the early 1970s that enough experiments had been done to understand the processes involved. What these studies indicated was that only certain types of clouds are amenable to seeding. One of the most responsive is the winter orographic cloud, formed when air currents encounter a mountain slope and rise. If the temperature in such a cloud is right, seeding can increase snow yield by 10 to 20 percent. There are two major methods of weather modification. In one method, silver iodide is burned in propane-fired ground generators. The smoke rises into the clouds where the tiny silver-iodide particles act as nuclei for the formation of ice crystals. The alternate system uses airplanes to deliver dry-ice pellets. Dry ice does not provide ice-forming nuclei. Instead, it lowers the temperature near the water droplets in the clouds so that they freeze instantly—a process called spontaneous nucleation. Seeding from aircraft is more efficient but also more expensive.

About 75 percent of all weather modification in the United States takes place in the Western states. With the population of the West growing rapidly, few regions of the world require more water. About 85 percent of the waters in the rivers of the West comes from melted snow. As one expert put it, the water problems of the future may make the energy problems of the 70s seem like child’s play to solve. That’s why the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, along with state governments, municipal water districts, and private interests such as ski areas and agricultural cooperatives, is putting increased effort into cloudseeding efforts. Without consistent and heavy snowfalls in the Rockies and Sierras, the West would literally dry up. The most intensive efforts to produce precipitation was during the West’s disastrous snow drought of 1976-77. It is impossible to judge the efficiency of weather modification based on one crash program, but most experts think that such hurry-up programs are not very effective.

1. What is the main subject of the passage?

A. The scientific contributions of Vincent Schaefer

B. Developments in methods of increasing precipitation

C. The process by which snow crystals form

D. The effects of cloud seeding

2. The word spawned in line 4 is closest in meaning to

A. intensified

B. reduced

C. preceded

D. created

3. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the term weather modification?

A. It is not as old as the term cloud seeding.

B. It has been in use since at least 1946.

C. It refers to only one type of cloud seeding.

D. It was first used by Vincent Schaefer.

4. According to the passage, winter orographic clouds are formed

A. on relatively warm winter days

B. over large bodies of water

C. during intense snow storms

D. when air currents rise over mountains

5. To which of the following does the word they in line 21 refer?

A. Water droplets

B. Clouds C. Ice-forming nuclei

D. Airplanes

6. When clouds are seeded from the ground, what actually causes ice crystals to form?

A. Propane

B. Silver-iodide smoke

C. Dry-ice pellets

D. Nuclear radiation

7. Clouds would most likely be seeded from airplanes when

A. it is important to save money

B. the process of spontaneous nucleation cannot be employed

C. the production of precipitation must be efficient

D. temperatures are lower than usual

8. What does the author imply about the energy problems of the 1970s?

A. They were caused by a lack of water.

B. They took attention away from water problems.

C. They may not be as critical as water problems will be in the future.

D. They were thought to be minor at the time but turned out to be serious.

9. The author mentions agricultural cooperatives (line 31) as an example of

A. state government agencies

B. private interests

C. organizations that compete with ski areas for water

D. municipal water districts

10. It can be inferred from, the passage that the weather-modification project of

1976-77 was

A. put together quickly B. a complete failure

C. not necessary

D. easy to evaluate

IV. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.(15pts)

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ĐÁP ÁN

PART A. LISTENING

I. Listen and choose the best answer (10 pts)

1. B

2. C

3. B

4. A

5. C

II. Listen to part of a radio programme. Decide whether the information in each sentence is true or false.(10 pts)

1. F

2. F

3. F

4.T

5.T

III. You will hear a report about dolphins. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.(20 pts)

1. circle

2. (a) brain(s)

3. stress

4.feelings

5. to read

7. 52 teeth

8. two days

9. sound waves/

10.fishing (around them)

6. as a reward high-pitched noises nets

PART B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR

I. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the sentences. (10pts)

1. D

2. A

3. C

4.D

5. D

6. A

7. B

8. C

9. A

10. A

11. C

12. D

13. B

14. A

15. C

16. B

17. C

18. C

19. C

20. B

II. The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and correct them . (10 pts)

Oxford is a city with such a mind-blowing reputation that many who come here

find themselves intimidated by the place and can’t wait to leave, while others,

taking to it like a duck to water, find themselves returning again and again. The

college lawns provide a gorgeous backdrop to serious study, and in the right light,

on a sunny winter’s morning say, one feels as if one is floating on air, such is the

sense of unreality. Oxford may like to pretend that it is at the intellectual hub of

things, but in many ways it is no more than a sleepy backwater where, to mix

metaphors, transitory students, the cream of their generation, wait in the wings,

allowing their talents to flourish before moving off into the industrial or political

fast-lane. Much of this is a myth, of course. Hardship and hard work are very much

part and parcel of student life. The level-headed get through the three years’ hard

grind by simply putting their shoulders to the wheel before going on to fairly

average jobs. Only for the tiny minority is Oxford the first step on the ladder to

fame and fortune.

III. Fill in each of the blanks a suitable preposition (10 pts)

1. in

2. off

3. down

4. on

5. by

6. forward

7. out

8. aback

9. under

10. after

IV. Write the correct form of the word given in brackets. (15 pts)

1. indefensible

2. headway

3. enliven

4. activated

5. uncompromising

6. immeasurably

7. persuasiveness

8. applications

9. predominantly

10. foregone

VI. Write the correct form of the word given in brackets. (15 pts)

1.

2.

3. countless

4. originate incomprehensible psychologists

6. enigmatic/ 7. unknown enigmatical

5. unexpectedly

8. mysteriously

9. independently

10. happenings

PART C. READING

I. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space. (15 pts)

1. A

2. D

3. C

4.B

5. A

6. D

7. C

8. A

9. D

10. B

11. C

12. B

13. B

14. A

15. A

II. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word. (15pts)

1. longer

2. harmony

3. where

4. if

5. wishful

6. themselves

7. there

8. for

9. this

10. one

III. Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each question. (15pts)

1. B

2. D

3. A

4. D

5. A

6. B

7. C

8. C

9. B

10. A

IV. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

1. ix

2.vi

8. leaks

3. iv

4.ii

9.management

5. vii

6.viii

7 .iii

10.water deficit

PART D: WRITING

I. Rewrite the sentences with the given words or beginning in such a way that their meanings remain unchanged. (15pts)

1. What surprised me was his lack of confidence.

2. He made a very quick recovery from his operation.

3. All but one clerk were honoured by the boss.

4. There was a sharp contrast between the writer’s writing style and his spoken language.

5. As soon as the gun went off, everyone started to panic.

6. He takes everything in his stride.

7. The new regulations had an immediate effect on many companies.

8. Being her only niece, Mary is the apple of her eye.

9. I used to know this school like the back of my hand.

10. John’s arrival in Ho Chi Minh City coincided with hers.

II. Paragraph writing

1. Organization: (5 points)

+ Three parts (topic sentence, supporting sentences, concluding sentence)

+ Topic sentence: consists of topic and controlling idea.

+ Concluding sentence: summarizes the main supporting ideas / restates the topic

sentence and gives personal opinion.

2. Content, coherence and cohesion: (12 points)

+ Supporting sentences: support directly the main idea stated in the topic sentence

and provide logical, persuasive examples.

+ Use of transition signals appropriately.

3. Language use and accuracy: (8 points)

LISTENING SCRIPTS

I. Listen and choose the best answer

P = Paddy K = Kate

P: Excuse me, I've come to enquire about your summer school courses. My name's Paddy Deans. Please call me Paddy.

K: OK, Paddy, I'm at your disposal. Are you talking about concen-trating on one subject or do you want to study a number of different subjects? And are we talking about graduate studies or preparation for graduate studies? We can also give you advice on a new career, but we're not in the field of I Management or anything like that.

P: No, nothing like that. I was more interested in your sports programmes. You see, I'm a PE teacher, and I've just got a new post. There's no compulsion to do this, but I really want to improve on my teaching and coaching techniques, if yon see what I mean. I believe you have an excellent swimming programme, for example.

K:That’s right. Most of our instructors reached international level.Our course is designed to enhance the technical aspects of and the strategy for each participant. Technical stretching and dry land training, training principles development are integral parts of the programme, so it’s for someone who has reached a good standard of swimming. Each athlete will be videotaped and receive a DVD with stroke analysis.

P:That sounds like just what I'm looking for. What will I need for the course?

K:Swimming trunks, towel, swim cap, flippers, goggles and a pillow and bed linen for the week.

P:Right, I understand. Now, would there be any chance of taking equestrian events? My new school is horse-riding mad, and to be honest I've never sat on a horse in my life, although I like horses.

K:Well, you’ve come to the right place, Paddy, and naturally we can a horse for you. We have a very well-respected equestrian camp, and don't worry if you're a complete beginner - there are no end of other people in your shoes this year for some reason.

P: What sort of things would I do?

K: Well, the beginners would start off with basic horsemanship, how to sit on a horse, how to make it obey simple instructions. But don't worry. One of our instructors will have a long chat with you and define realistic goals. Are you interested in dressage, flat work or show jumping?

P: To be honest I haven't the faintest idea.

K: That’s fine. You can watch the experienced riders and try a bit of everything. I'm sure something will grab your fancy.

P: Great. By the way, what's the enrolment deadline for all this?

K: Well, we've just extended it by a week, so it's now Mav 2nd.

P: Fine.

II. Listen to part of a radio programme. Decide whether the information in each sentence is true or false.

What’s the connection between a lower crime rate, the price of shampoo at your local shop and the cure for cancer? The answer is data mining. How do you know where the next crime is most likely to be committed, which products to offer your customers or where to search for new cures? All the answers are there at our fingertips, in the mountains of text and data which have become accessible to all computer users. The problem now is how to extract those precious bits of knowledge from the wealth of available information. That’s where data mining comes in. Data mining is digging deep on the Internet for information and statistics and trying to establish a link between them. It isn’t a new thing, but with faster and cheaper hardware and flexible software, it is now possible to get the answers almost instantaneously. People often think that data mining is just an easy way to find information on the web. They think of using keywords to search the web for relevant pages. That’s a mistake. That process is called Information Retrieval, which is like surfing the net to pull out the documents you are interested in and push away the others. In contrast, data mining is a way to examine a collection of documents and discover information not contained in any individual document. Rather, the researcher seeks relationships between the content of multiple texts and then sets about linking this information toptherto form a new hypothesis. One field which benefits greatly from data mining is medical research. A large and growing database of medical journal articles exists in digital format. Because there are so many of them, it’s unlikely that any researcher could read, and remember, their contents. Data mining is there to enable researchers to find possible links in published research findings, even across disciplines. Data mining is also an increasingly popular strategy for traders. For example, one large department store has analysed its consumer data to ask what type of consumer is in which part of their store and when. Finding out that professionals hit the grocery stores at lunchtime for ready-made foods can be crucial. It helps to determine the number of staff or the best times to replenish certain aisles. Policing is another excellent example of how data mining can be useful. In one American town the police department was drowning in crime even though they had a mass of data from 911 calls and crime reports. They couldn’t connect the dots and see a pattern of behaviour. Using sophisticated software they started overlaying crime reports with other data, such as weather, traffic, sports events and paydays. The data was analysed and something interesting emerged. Robberies went up on paydays near cheque cashing points in specific neighbourhoods. Pretty soon police were on top of things and predicting where crime was most likely to occur. Major crime rates dropped 40 per cent in just two years. These tools are not yet perfect, but they are being developed by the major universities. And the researchers are promising that very soon we will be able to ask questions and quickly receive answers which have, so far, been out of our reach.

III. You will hear a report about dolphins. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

And for our last news item today, a special report from Diane Hassan on an animal that is rapidly becoming known as 'man’s best friend’, the dolphin. Last week, a twenty-eightyear-old diver who went swimming in the Red Sea with a group of dolphins learnt the hard way just how caring' these creatures can be. When the diver was suddenly attacked by a shark, they saved him by forming a circle around him and frightening the shark away. It’s not the first time such a rescue has happened and it’s been known for some time that dolphins will do for humans what they do for their own kind. They are, in fact, the only animals in the world whose brains match ours in terms of size, and their intelligence and ability to feel emotion continue to fascinate scientists and doctors alike. For some time now, their healing powers have been well known. A swim with a group of dolphins, for example, is a recognised 'medical’ activity for everyday problems such as stress. But some dolphins are playing a far more serious medical role for us than that. Amanda Morton, who suffered from a life-threatening illness, argued that being with dolphins saved her life because they were able to read her feelings. 'They knew how I was feeling,’ she was quoted as saying. And it's the idea that they actually ‘cafe’, that they are gentle, happy creatures that want to befriend us, which has led to projects with children as well. In one such project, dolphins are being used to help children who are slow learners learn to read. The dolphins do things like carrying small boards on their noses. These boards show words or pictures which the children are asked to identify. When the children get it right, they spend more time swimming with the dolphins and touching them and they see this as a reward. So what is it that makes contact with dolphins so powerful? They certainly have an engaging smile ... in each jaw they have up to fifty-two teeth, but rather than frightening us to death, it's one of the warmest greetings in the world! They're also fantastic swimmers to watch ... the spotted dolphin has been observed reaching twenty miles an hour and keeping this up for two days at a time. And they know they're good at it so they show off in front of humans by diving in and out of the water and showing us just how much fun they’re having. They’re great communicators too. They make all kinds of fascinating high- pitched noises. They catch fish, for example, by sending out sound waves which tell them everything they need to know - where it is, what it is and how big it is. The only creatures that concern dolphins, in fact, are sharks and man. We don't necessarily harm them on purpose, but we trap them in fishing nets and we pollute the water they swim in. Pollution, in fact, is one of the dolphin’s greatest problems. So with all the good they do for us, isn't it time we started caring about them?

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