Chuyên đề Thì tương lai đơn và tương lai gần

CHUYÊN ĐỀ THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN VÀ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN

PHẦN A. PHƯƠNG PHÁP GIẢI

1. Cách dùng

Tương lai đơn	Tương lai gần
1. Diễn đạt một quyết định ngay tại thời điểm nói. Oh, I’ve left the door open. I will go and shut it. 2. Diễn đạt lời dự đoán không có căn cứ. - People won’t go to Jupiter before the 22nd century. - Who do you think will get the job? 3. Dùng trong câu đề nghị. - Will you shut the door? - Shall I open the window? - Shall we dance? 4. Câu hứa hẹn I promise I will call you as soon as I arrive.	1. Diễn đạt một kế hoạch, dự định. - I have won $1,000. I am going to buy a new TV. - When are you going to go on holiday? 2. Diễn đạt một lời dự đoán dựa vào bằng chứng ở hiện tại. - The sky is very black. It is going to snow. - I crashed the company car. My boss isn’t going to be very happy!

2. Cấu trúc

Tương lai đơn	Tương lai gần
Ta dùng will khi quyết định làm điều gì đó vào lúc nói, không quyết định trước. - Tom: My bicycle has a flat tyre. Can you repair it for me? - Father: Okay, but I can’t do it right now. I will repair it tomorrow.	Ta dùng be going to khi đã quyết định làm điều gì đó rồi, lên lịch sẵn để làm rồi. - Mother: Can you repair Tom’s bicycle? It has a flat tyre. - Father: Yes, I know. He told me. I’m going to repair it tomorrow.

3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

Tương lai đơn	Tương lai gần
• tomorrow • next day/week/month. . . • someday • soon • as soon as • until. . .	Để xác định được thì tương lai gần, cần dựa vào ngữ cảnh và các bằng chứng ở hiện tại.

Task 1. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:

1. I love London. I (probably / go) there next year.

2. What (wear / you) at the party tonight?

3. I haven't made up my mind yet. But I think I (find) something nice in my mum's wardrobe.

4. I completely forget about this. Give me a moment, I (do) it now.

5. Tonight, I (stay) home. I've rented a video.

6. I feel dreadful. I (be) sick.

7. If you have any problem, I (help) you.

8. The weatherforcast says it (not/ rain) tomorrrow

9. I promise that I (not/ come) late.

10. Look at those clouds. It (rain) now.

ĐÁP ÁN

1. will probably go

2. are you going to wear

3. will find

4. will do

5. am going to stay

6. am going to be

7. will help

8. isn’t going to snow

9. won’t come

10. is going to rain

Task 2. Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.

1. I have bought two tickets. My wife and I ____________ (see) a movie tonight.

2. Mary thinks Peter _______________ (get) the job.

3. A: “I _____________(move) from my house tomorrow. I have packed everything”

B: “I _______________ (come) and help you. ”

4. If I have enough money, I _____________ (buy) a new car.

5. I _____________ (be) there at four o'clock, I promise.

6. The meeting ____________ (take) place at 4 p. m.

7. If you eat all of that cake, you ________________ (feel) sick.

8. They __________ (be) at home at 10 o'clock because their son is staying alone at home.

9. Perhaps she ______________ (not / be) able to come tomorrow.

10. Because of the train delay, the meeting ________(not / take) place at 10 o'clock.

ĐÁP ÁN

1. I have bought two tickets. My wife and I are going to see a movie tonight.

2. Mary thinks Peter will get the job

3. A: “I am going to move from my house tomorrow. I have packed everything. ”

B: “I will come and help you. ”

4. If I have enough money, I will buy a new car.

5. I will be there at four o'clock, I promise.

6. The meeting is going to take place at 4 p. m.

7. If you eat all of that cake, you will feel sick

8. They are going to be at home at 10 o'clock because their son is staying alone at home.

9. Perhaps she won’t be able to come tomorrow

10. Because of the train delay, the meeting isn’t going to take place at 10 o'clock.

Task 3. Hoàn thành câu dùng từ gợi ý đã cho

1. She/not/want/eat/sweet cakes//I/think/consume/vegetables.

2. You/bring/coat/weather/be/cold.

3. father/know/my bike/break//fix/this afternoon.

4. friends/stay/here/until/finish/project.

5. He/take care/her/well//Don’t worry.

ĐÁP ÁN

1. She doesn’t want to eat sweet cakes, I think she will consume vegetables.

2. You should bring your coat because the weather is going to be cold.

3. My father knows that my bike has broken, so he is going to fix it this afternoon.

4. Her friends will stay here until they finish their project.

5. He will take care of her well. Don’t worry!

Task 4. Complete the sentences using will or going to

1. A: Why are you turning on the television?

B: I'm going to watch the news (I/watch)

2. A: Oh. I've just realized. I haven't got any money.

B: Haven't you? Well, don't worry. . . . . . . you some (I/lend)

3. A: I've got a headache.

B: Have you? Wait a second and . . . . an aspirin for you (I/get)

4. A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?

B: . . . . . the car (I/wash)

5. A: I've decided to repaint this room.

B: Oh, have you? What colour . . . . it (you/paint)

6. A: Where are you doing?Are you going shopping?

B: Yes, . . . . something for dinner (I/buy)

7. A: I don't know how to use this camera.

B: It's easy. . . . . . . you (I/show)

8. A: What would you like to eat?

B: . . . . . a sandwich, please? (I/have)

9. A: Did you post that letter for me?

B: Oh. I'm sorry. I completely forgot. . . . . . . . . it now (I/do)

10. A: The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe, does it?

B: No, it looks as if . . . . down (it/fall)

ĐÁP ÁN

2. I'll lend

3. I'll get

4. I'll going to wash

5. are you going to paint

6. I'll going to buy

7. I'll show

8. I'll have

9. I'll do

10. it's going to fall

Task 5. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc trong phần bên dưới.

1. Tam (do) ____________ that exercise at 8 p. m tommorrow.

2. Linda (go) ___________ to school early.

3. I think they (marry) __________ next year.

4. A: Go and tidy your bedroom.

B: I (not/do) __________ it.

5. A: Why don’t we meet for office on Monday afternoon?

B: Sorry. I can’t. I (see) ____________ the doctor then.

6. ‘My best friend had an accident yesterday’. Oh! I see I (visit) ___________ her.

7. They (stay) _____________ here until he answers them.

8. She’s sure that her boss (understand) ______________ her problem.

9. Don’t worry! I (drive) _____________ carefully.

10. He (talk) ______________ to her. Very soon she (talk) ______________ to her.

ĐÁP ÁN

1. is going to do

2. will go

3. will marry

4. won’t do

6. will visit

7. will stay

8. will understand

9. am going to drive

10. is going to walk – will talk

Task 6. Tìm và sửa lỗi sai (nếu có)

1. Binh is having the salad and the chicken now.

2. Son isn’t playing the piano tonight.

3. S: There’s no coffee left. - P: Oh! I get some from the shop.

4. Are you going to walking home tonight?

5. The concern is going to finishing early tomorrow evening.

ĐÁP ÁN

1. is having → will have (quyết định ngay thời điểm nói)

2. isn’t playing → isn’t going to play (hành động chắc chắn xảy ra ở tương lai)

3. get → will get (hành động có thể xảy ra trong tương lai)

4. walking → walk (sau be going to + Vinf)

5. finishing → finish (sau be going to + Vinf)

Task 7. Hoàn thành các câu sau và chia động từ thích hợp

1. Where/you/go/dinner?

→__________________________________________________________.

2. What/you/drink?

→__________________________________________________________.

3. When/will/Begin/famous?

→__________________________________________________________.

4. I/think/get/taxi/because/tobe/tired/now.

→__________________________________________________________.

5. painter/not/going/paint/white wall.

→__________________________________________________________.

6. You/going/see/new movie/theater/I/see/last week.

→__________________________________________________________.

7. Lan/going/take part/contest?

→__________________________________________________________.

8. My sister/forget/phone/me/. /She/do/it/immediately.

→__________________________________________________________.

ĐÁP ÁN

1. Where are you going to to for dinner?

2. What are you going to drink?

3. When will Begin be famous?

4. I think I’ll get a taxi because I’m very tired now.

5. The painter isn’t going to paint the white wall.

6. You are going to see the new movie at the theater I saw last week.

7. Is Lan going to take part in the contest?

8. My sister has forgotten phoning me. She will do it immediately.

Task 8. Hoàn thành các email bên dưới sử dụng thì tương lai gần tell    change    move    not     buy     like    find     not    travel    kill    not    tidy    work

Hi, Ben!

I’m writing to you to let you know that I …………. . to Devon. I can’t wait anymore! Everything …………………. . in my life. We want to live in a house near the sea. We ……………………. . a big house, because we ……………………. it all weekends. Do you know Devon? If not, you must come to see us. I’m sure you…………. . it there.

My wife and I ………………. . new jobs too, because Brighton is too far away and we …………………. . to work for hours every day. We …………… somewhere near our home. My boss doesn’t know about it, but I ………. . him soon. He …………. . me!

I have to go now. Please, write back soon.

Bye for now,

Sam

ĐÁP ÁN

I am going to move

Everything is going to change

We are not going to buy

we are not going to tidy

you are going to like

My wife and I are going to find

we are not going to travel

We are going to work

I am going to tell

He is going to kill

Task 9. Viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh dựa vào những từ gợi ý:

1. She/ hope/ that/ Mary/ come/ party/ tonight.

- She hopes that Mary will come to the party tonight.

2. I/ finish/ my report/ 2 days.

_________________________________________

3. If/ you/ not/ study/ hard/ ,/ you/ not/ pass/ final/ exam.

_________________________________________

4. You/ look/ tired/ ,/ so/ I/ bring/ you/ something/ eat.

_________________________________________

5. you/ please/ give/ me/ lift/ station ?

_________________________________________

ĐÁP ÁN

2. I will/ I'll finish my report in 2 days.

3. If you don't study hard, you will not/won't pass the final exam.

4. You look tired, so I will/I'll bring you something to eat.

5. Will you please give me a lift to the station?

Task 10. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.

1. I (do)__________it for you tomorrow.

2. My father (call)_____________you in 5 minutes.

3. We believe that she (recover)_______________from her illness soon.

4. I promise I (return)______________to school on time.

5. If it rains, he (stay)____________at home.

6. You (take) me to the zoo this weekend?

7. I think he (not come)_______________back his hometown.

ĐÁP ÁN

1. will do

2. will call

3. will recover

4. will return

5. will stay

6. Will you take me to the zoo this weekend?

7. will not come/ won't come

Exercise 1: Điền vào chỗ trống sử dụng những từ trong bảng sau để hoàn thành bài tập.

Question: How would you think the modern technology will change the workplace in the next 100 years?

are going to feel are likely to lead to will have will find is likely to become will develop

are predicted to work are likely to occur will be will continue are going to happen will result

Thanks to modern technology, there have been enormous changes in the workplace over the past 100 years.

So now let us consider the changes that (1)……………… in the next 100 years. Unfortunately, I believe that not all changes (2)…………for the better. For example, more people (3)………… … from home and so they (4)………… more isolated from their colleagues. On the other hand they (5)………… greater freedom to choose their working hours.

A further possible change is that handwriting (6)…………… obsolete. We are already so used to using a keyboard that today's children are losing the ability to spell without the aid of a word processor.

Without a doubt, even greater changes (7)…………… in technology used in the workplace. Computers (8)……………… to grow even more powerful and this (9) …………………… in an even faster pace of life than we have now. Let us hope that our employers (10)……………… way to reduce the stress on worker’s this fast pace can bring.

I also think these improvements in technology (11)……………… even more globalization than now and companies (12)………………… very strong international links.

Exercise 2: Chọn đáp án phù hợp nhất cho mỗi câu sau.

1. I completely forget about this. Give me a moment, I...........do it now.

A. will

B. am going

C. is going to

2. Tonight I..........stay at home. I have already told Jimmy to come by and enjoy the new film series with me.

A. be going to

B. will

C. Either A or B

3. I…….fly to Japan next December.

A. am going to

B. will

C. Either A or B

4. If you have any problem, don't worry. I…......help you.

A. will

B. am going to do

C. Either A or B

5. Where are you going?

A. I am going to see a friend.

B. I'll see a friend.

C. I went to a friend.

6. That's the phone./ I....answer it.

A. will

B. am going to

C. Either A or B

7. Look at those clouds. It....rain now.

A. will

B. is going to

C Either A or B

8. Tea or coffee?

A. I am going to have tea, please.

B. I'll have tea, please.

C. I want to drink.

9. Thanks for your offer. But I am OK. John.........help me.

A. is going to

B. will

C. Either A or B

10. The weather forecast says it.......rain tomorrow.

A. is going to

B. will

C. Either A or B

Exercise 3: Chia động từ ở các câu sau.

1. I'm afraid I……………… (not/ be) able to come tomorrow.

2. Because of the train strike, the meeting ……………… (not/ take) place at 9 o'clock.

3. A: “Go and tidy your room.”

B: “Okay. I ……………… (do) it now!”

4. If it rains, we ……………… (not/ go) to the beach.

5. In my opinion, she ……………… (not/ pass) the exam.

6. A: “I'm driving to the party, would you like a lift?”

B: “Thank you but I ……………… (take) the bus.”

7. Look at the sky! It………………(rain) very heavily!

8. The company (hold)………………a very important meeting next month.

9. According to the weather forecast, it ……………… (not/ snow) tomorrow.

10. I think I (go)…………………study abroad.

Exercise 4: Chia động từ các câu sau

1. I _______ (stay) here until he answers me.

2. She _______ (not/come) until you are ready.

3. Miss Helen _______ (help) you as soon as she finishes that letter tomorrow.

4. Our English teacher ______ (explain) that lesson to us tomorrow.

5. I love London. I_____ (probably / go) there next year.

6. I haven't made up my mind yet. But I think I______ (find) something nice in my mum's wardrobe.

7. Look at these big black clouds! It______ (rain).

8. What does a blonde say when she sees a banana skin lying just a few metres in front of her? - Oh dear! I_____ (slip)

9. When I retire I(go back) to Barbados to live.

10. Look out! That cup_______ (fall off).

11. I_______ ( visit )my grandmother next Sunday.

12. Mother: Can you repair Tom’s bicycle? It has a flat type.

Father: Yes, I know. He told me. I----------(repair) it tomorrow.

13. I have won $1,000. I______ (buy) a new TV.

14. I crashed the company car. My boss_____ (not be) very happy!

ĐÁP ÁN

Exercise 1

1. are likely to occur

2. will be

3. are predicted to work

4. are going to feel

5. will have

6. is likely to become

7. are going to happen

8. will continue

9. will result

10. will find

11. are likely to lead to

12. will develop

Exercise 2

1A

2B

3A

4A

5A

6A

7B

8B

9C

10C

Exercise 3

1. will not be

2. will not take

3. will do

4. will not go

5. will not pass

6. will take

7. is going to rain

8. is going to hold

9. is not going to snow

10. am going to

Exercise 4

1. will stay

"until" (cho đến khi) là dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì tương lai đơn

2. won't come

3. will help

"as soon as" và "tomorrow" là dấu hiệu nhận biết của thì tương lai đơn.

4. will explain

5. Will probably go

6. Will find

7. Is going to rain

8. am going to slip

9. am going to go back

10. is going to fall off

11. am going to visit

12. am going to repair

13. am going to buy

14. isn’t going to be

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