Với mục đích có thêm tài liệu giúp các em học sinh lớp 11 ôn tập và luyện tập về các dạng động từ, HOC247 giới thiệu đến các em tài liệu Danh động từ và động từ nguyên thể được HOC247 biên tập và tổng hợp với phần lý thuyết và đáp án, lời giải chi tiết giúp các em tự luyện tập làm đề.
Hi vọng tài liệu này sẽ có ích cho các em, chúc các em có kết quả học tập tốt!
DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN THỂ
1. Danh động từ (V-ing)
a. Cách sử dụng của Danh động từ:
+ Là chủ ngữ của câu: dancing bored him
+ Bổ ngữ của động từ: her hobby is painting
+ Là bổ ngữ: seeing is believing
+ Sau giới từ: he was accused of smuggling
+ Sau một vài động từ
b. Một số động từ thường theo sau bằng một Danh động từ: Verb + V-ing
- admit: thừa nhận - avoid: tránh - consider: xem xét
- delay: hoãn - deny: phủ nhận - detest: ghét
- dislike: không thích - enjoy: thích - finish: kết thúc
- imagine: tưởng tượng - keep: giữ - mind: quan tâm
- miss: trễ, lỡ - risk: liều, mạo hiểm - postpone: hoãn
- practice: luyện tập
Ex: My father enjoys listening to classical music.
Finally, the thief admitted stealing my bicycle.
c. Một số cụm động từ được theo sau bằng danh động từ:
- be used to / get used to: quen với / trở nên quen với việc gì
- be worth: đáng gia
- be busy: bận rộn
- can’t bear / can’t stand: không chịu đựng được
- can’t help: không thể không
- would you mind
- it’s no use / it’s no good: vô ích
- look forward to: mong đợi
Ex: I couldn’t help laughing when hearing his story.
Would you mind typing this letter?
d. Danh động từ đi sau các giới từ
Ex: He is fond of jogging in the morning.
2. Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”
a. Một số động từ thường theo sau bằng động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”
- agree: đồng ý - arrange: sắp xếp - beg: van nài, van xin
- decide: quyết định - demand: yêu cầu - fail: thất bại
- hope: hy vọng - intend: dự định - learn: học
- plan: lên kế hoạch - prepare: chuẩn bị - pretend: giả vờ
- prmise: hứa - refuse: từ chối - seem: hình như
- want: mong muốn - wish: ước muốn - would like
Ex: I hope to be your good friend.
We decided to go for a walk in the forest.
b. Một số động từ theo sau bằng tân ngữ + động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”:
- advise: khuyên - ask: hỏi - allow: cho phép
- encourage: động viên - expect: mong đợi - permit: cho phép
- persuade: thuyết phục - order: ra lệnh - recommend: đề nghị
- request: yêu cầu - tell: bảo
Ex: My parents allowed me to go out with my friends last night.
I recommend you to do what he said.
Note: Một số động từ có thể đi cùng với cả động từ nguyên thể và V-ing, hãy so sánh sự khác nhau về ý nghĩa giữa chúng.
stop + V-ing: dừng hẳn một hành động
Ex: My father stopped smoking cigarette.
stop + to-inf: dừng lại để làm việc khác
Ex: He was very tired. He stopped to take a rest.
remember / forget / regret + V-ing: nhớ / quên/ nuối tiếc việc đã xảy ra rồi(trong quá khứ)
remember / forget / regret + to-inf: nhớ / quên/ nuối tiếc việc chưa, sắp xảy ra (trong tương lai)
Ex: Don’t forget to turn off the light when you go to bed.
I remember meeting you some where but I can’t know your name.
try + V-ing: thử
try + to-inf: cố gắng
need + V-ing = need + to be + V3: cần được (bị động)
need + to-inf: cần (chủ động)
Ex: I need to wash my car.
My car is very dirty. It needs washing / to be washed.
Be used to + V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
I’m used to getting up early. (tôi quen với việc dậy sớm)
Used to + V: thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)
I used to get up early when I lived in Bac Giang (Tôi thường dậy sớm khi tôi sống ở Bắc Giang)
Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + object + to V: Khuyên/cho phép/đề nghị ai làm gì
He advised me to apply at once.
They don't allow us to park here.
Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + Ving: Khuyên/ cho phép/ đề nghị làm gì
He advised applying at once.
They don't allow parking here.
See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + object + V-ing: Cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chỉ chứng kiến một phần của hành động:
I see him passing my house everyday.
She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.
See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + object + V(nguyển thể không có 'to'): Cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chỉ chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động:
3. Bài tập vận dụng
3.1. Exercise 1: Chọn dạng đúng của động từ sau:
1. The teacher decided (accepting/to accept) the paper.
2. They appreciate (to have/having) this information.
3. His father doesn’t approve of his (going/ to go) to Europe.
4. We found it very difficult (reaching/ to reach) a decision.
5. Donna is interested in (to open/opening) a bar.
6. George has no intention of (to leave/leaving) the city now.
7. We are eager (to return/returning) to school in the fall.
8. We would be better off (to buy/ buying) this car.
9. She refused (to accept/ accepting) the gift.
10. Mary regrets (to be/being) the one to have to tell him.
11. George pretended (to be/being) sick yesterday.
12. Carlos hopes (to finish/finishing) his thesis this year.
13. They agreed (to leave/leaving) early.
14. Helen was anxious (to tell/ telling) her family about her promotion.
15. We are not ready (to stop/stopping) this research at this time.
16. Henry shouldn’t risk (to drive/driving) so fast.
17. He demands (to know/knowing) what is going on.
18. She is looking forward to (return/returning) to her country.
19. There is no excuse for (to leave/leaving) the room in this condition.
20. Gerald returned to his home after (to leave/leaving) the game.
3.2. Exercise 2: Hoàn thành mỗi câu sau với một trong các động từ sau: apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write. (chia động từ theo đúng dạng)
1. Could you please stop………………..so much noise?
2. I enjoy …………………to music.
3. I considered …………………..for the job but in the end I decided against it.
4. Have you finished ………………………your hair yet?
5. If you walk into the road without looking, you risk………knocked down.
6. Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet. He wants to carry on………………
7. I don’t mind you……………the phone as long as you pays for all your calls.
8. Hello! Fancy …………..you here! What a surprise!
9. I’ve put off ………………..the letter so many times. I really must do it today.
10. What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine any body ……………..so stupid?
11. Sarah gave up …………………..to find a job in this company and decided to go abroad.
3.3. Exercise 3: Chọn câu trả lời đúng
1. I enjoy_______ alone.
a. be b. being c. to be d. to have been
2. Would you like_______ to the party?
a. to come b. come c. coming d. to have come
3. Do you mind_______ such a long way to work everyday?
a. to travel b. travel c. to have traveled d. traveling
4. I don’t like that house. I would hate_______ there.
a. live b. living c. to live d. to have lived
5. Sometimes I'd like_______ to play the piano.
a. to learn b. learn c. learning d. to have learned
6. Please remember_______ this letter.
a. to post b. post c. posting d. to have posted
7. We tried_______ the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire-brigade.
a. putting b. put c. to put d. to have put
8. When you see John, remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.
a. to have given b. giving c. give d. to give
9. Someone must have taken my bad. I clearly remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.
a. leave b. leaving c. to leave d. to have left
10. Jane needed some money. She tried_______ Harry but he couldn't help her.
a. to have asked b. ask c. to ask d. asking
11. I think they are now accustomed to _______ 12 hours a day.
a. work b. to work c. worked d. working
12. He tried_______ the shelf but he wasn't tall enough.
a. reach b. reaching c. to reach d. to have reached
13. Alice didn't expect_______ to Bill's party.
a. asking b. being asked c. to ask d. to be asked
14. I finally finished_______ at 7:00 pm and served dinner.
a. cooking b. being cooked c. to cook d. to be cooked
15. Sam always remembers_______ in the garage so that the driveway in free for other cars.
a. parking b. being parked c. to park d. to be parked
16. The nurse suggested_______ two aspirins.
a. taking b. being taken c. to take d. to be taken
17. Would you mind not_______ the radio until I've finished with this phone call?
a. turning on b. being turned on c. to turn on d. to be turned on
18. They were fortunate_______ from the fire before the building collapsed.
a. rescuing b. to have rescued c. to rescue d. to have been rescued
19. The mouse family avoided_______ by coming out only when the house was empty and the two cats were outside.
a. catching b. being caught c. to have been caught d. to be caught
3.4. Exercise 4: Chọn câu trả lời đúng
1. It's very kind of you_______ so.
a. say b. to say c. saying d. to be saying
2. Please show me how_______ this.
a. do b. to do c. doing d. to have done
3. One is never too old_______
a. learning b. learn c. to have learned d. to learn
4. You are old enough_______ out alone.
a. going b. go c. to go d. to have gone
5. I'm very glad_______ you.
a. to meet b. meet c. meeting d. to be meeting
6. It's nice_______ you.
a. to know b. know c. knowing d. to be knowing
7. You have no right_______ my daughter.
a. see b. to see c. seeing d. to have seen
8. Please tell me what_______
a. doing b. do c. to do d. to have done
9. I forbid you _______ my letter.
a. to read b. read c. to have read d. reading
10. We stopped_______ hello to her.
a. say b. saying b. to have said d. to say
11. We came_______ help her.
a. help b. to help c. to have helped d. helping
12. I'll invite her_______ my daughter.
a. teaching b. teach c. to teach d. to have taught
13. I don’t feel like_______ to the cinema now.
a. go b. going c. to go d. to have gone
14. It's no good_______ video games.
a. play b. to have played c. to play d. playing
15. It's no use_______ with him.
a. working b. work c. to work d. to have worked
16. The idea of_______ abroad appeals to me.
a. working b. work c. to work d. being working
17. The Rogers are happy about_______ a baby.
a. have b. having c. to have d. to be having
18. Camping is hard if you're not used to _______ on the ground.
a. be slept b. to be sleeping c. sleeping d. sleeping
19. Mrs. Kerry didn’t want_______ on
a. to be operated b. being operated c. to operate d. to be operating
20. Windows are used to let in light and _______ out cold.
a. to keep b. keep c. keeping d. for keeping
3.5. Exercise 5: Chọn câu trả lời đúng
1. It isn't worth while_______ her.
a. marry b. to marry c. marrying d. to have married
2. She did nothing but_______
a. cry b. to cry c. to have cried d. crying
3. He can’t live without_______ here.
a. being loved b. to love c. love d. loving
4. People are prevented from_______ to the polluted area.
a. go b. going c. to go d. to have gone
5. Tourists are not allowed _______ in the Temple.
a. to talk b. talk c. talking d. being talked
6. The teacher doesn't allow_______ dictionaries in the final examination.
a. being used b. use c. using d. to use
7. Many countries have considered_______ the victims of the tsunami.
a. to have helped b. to help c. help d. helping
8. The child admitted_______ a lie.
a. tell b. telling c. to tell d. to be telling
9. The president agreed_______ the Agreement.
a. to sign b. sign c. signing d. to have signed
10. The captain chose_______ with his ship.
a. die b. to die c. to have died d. dying
11. Vietnam failed_______ Tiger Cup 2004!
a. winning b. win c. to win d. to have won
12. The child promised_______ his parents.
a. being obeyed b. obeying c. obey d. to obey
13. Lee was upset by_______ him the truth.
a. our not having told b. us not tell
c. we didn't tell d. not to tell
14. Wee considered_______ after work.
a. to go shop b. going shopping c. going to shop d. to go to shop
15. Jack offered_______ care of my garden while I was out of town.
a. take b. taking c. to have taken c. to take
16. Could you please come over? I need you _______ the refrigerator.
a. help me moving b. helping me to move
c. to help me move d. help me to move
17. I'll never forget_______ that race. What a thrill!
a. to win b. win c. being won d. winning
18. No one has better qualifications. Carol is certain_______ for the job.
a. to choose b. having chosen c. to be chosen d. being chosen
19. I was enjoying my book, but I topper_______ a program on TV.
a. reading to watch b. to read to watch
c. to read for watching d. reading for to watch
20. Who is the woman talking to Mr. Quinn? I don't recall_______ her around the office before.
a. to have seen b. seeing c. to see d. being seen
3.6. Exercise 6: Chọn câu trả lời đúng
1. He tried to avoid_______ my question.
a. answer b. answering c. to answer d. to have answered
2. Paula has given up _______ to lose weight.
a. try b. trying c. to try d. to have tried
3. We can't go on_______ like this.
a. living b. live c. to live d. to be living
4. Don't keep_______ me while I'm talking.
a. interrupt b. to interrupt c. interrupting d. to have interrupted
5. I can't imagine Bill _______ a motorbike.
a. ride b. riding c. to ride d. to be riding
6. Sorry to keep you_______ so long.
a. waiting b. wait c. to wait d. to have waited
7. She now regrets_______ it.
a. say b. having said d. to say d. to have said
8. We decided_______ at home.
a. to stay b. stay c. staying d. having stayed
9. Frank tends_______ too much.
a. to have drunk b. drinking c. drink d. to drink
10. He doesn't want_______
a. to know b. know c. knowing d. to be knowing
11. I don’t advise anybody_______ in that hotel.
a. stay b. to stay c. staying d. to have stayed
12. The mother made her child_______ the word
a. repeat b. to repeat c. repeating d. to be repeating
13. My parents don't let me_______ out alone.
a. go b. to go c. going d. to be going
14. I'm afraid I have some homework_______ today.
a. do b. to do c. going d. done
15. Have the movers_______ the bedroom furniture first.
a. brought in b. to bring in c. bring in d. bringing in
16. Do you know what_______ so many people evacuate their homes?
a. forced b. made c. caused d. convinced
17. Where are the children? "I saw_______ in the yeard".
a. them to play b. them playing c. they playing d. to them playing
18. You're been taking a lot of nice photographs.
a. becoming b. about become c. to become d. about becoming
19. Jane's summer vacation in England led to_______ an English man.
a. her marry b. her to marry c. her being married d. her marrying
20. We would like_______ to the president's reception, but we weren't
a. having invited b. having been invited
c. to have invited d. to have been invited
3.7. Exercise 7: Chọn câu trả lời đúng
1. I can't go because I haven't got anything_______
a. wear b. to wear c. wearing d. worn
2. I have nothing_______ you to day.
a. tell b. to tell c. telling d. told
3. Would you like something_______?
a. drink b. to drink c. drinking d. drunk
4. Is there any place_______ tonight?
a. stayed b. staying c. to stay d. stay
5. Have you got any books_______?
a. sell b. selling c. sold d. to sell
6. I often avoid_______ to parties.
a. go b. to go c. gone d. going
7. They often suggest their_______ out with some friends.
a. going b. gone c. go d. to go
8. Please pardon my_______ you.
a. disturb b. disturbing c. to disturb d. disturbed
9. I cannot remember_______ him last week.
a. meet b. meeting c. to meet d. met
10. Susan is interested in _______ a bus.
a. drive b. driving c. to drive d. driven
11. What about_______ for a walk?
a. going b. gone c. go d. to go
12. Have you planned on _______ to Nha Trang this summer?
a. go b. to go c. going d. gone
13. I suggest _______ to the cinema for a change.
a. go b. to go c. went d. going
14. Do you consider_______ our teacher on Friday?
a. inviting b. invited c. invited d. to invite
15. Would you mind_______ me a hand?
a. to give b. giving c. give d. given
16. The baby continued_______ even after she was picked up.
a. being crying b. having cried c. to cry d. having been crying
17. Arthur pretended not_______ hurt when his younger sister bit him.
a. having b. be c. to have d. to have been
18. We were shocked to hear the news of your_______
a. having fired b. having been fired
c. to be fired d. to have been fired
19. Do you have an excuse_______ late to class two days in a row?
a. for to be b. for being c. to be d. being
20. Jack made me_______ him next week.
a. to promise to call b. to promise calling
c. promise to call d. promise calling
3.8. Exercise 8: Chọn câu trả lời đúng
1. I can’t stand_______ her cry.
a. to have seen b. to see c. see d. seeing
2. Suddenly everybody stopped_______ There was silence.
a. talking b. to talk c. talk d. being talked
3. I'll go with you when I've finished_______ my homework.
a. to have done b. do c. doing d. to do
4. _______natural resources is of great importance.
a. Preserve b. Preserving c. To have preserved d. Preserved
5. We avoid_______ out environment.
a. polluting b. to pollute c. pollute d polluted
6. I think they are now accustomed to _______ 12 hours a day.
a. work b. to work c. worked d. working
7. "Why did Mrs. Walker call?" "She wants_______ her load some boxes into her car"..
a. that we help b. us help c. us helping d. us to help
8. "How did the prisoner escape?" "By climbing a fence and_______ someone's car".
a. steal b. to steal c. from stealing d. stealing
9. "What happened to Julie?" "We saw_______ by a bicyclist".
a. her hit b. hit her c. her hitting d. being hitting
10. "What is this letter about?" "It's in regard_______ at a conference next week".
a. to you speak b. to our speaking c. of our speaking d. to you speaking
11. "Why are you getting new glasses?" "Because it's difficult_______ the small print in the newspaper".
a. to read for me b. my reading c. I read d. for me to read
12. "This cabinet is beautiful. Did you make it yourself?" "No, I had_______".
a. it built b. built it c. to built it d. it build
13. "Don’t take a taxi. We insist_______ in our car.
a. you to come b. on your coming c. on you coming d. for you to come
14. "You've been redecorating your house", "Yes, I'm thinking_______ this room white".
a. to paint b. to painting c. of paint d. about painting
15. "What's wrong with the teacher?" "_______to class late so much has made him mad".
a. John comes b. John coming c. John's coming d. John to come
16. "I can't open this jar of mayonnaise" "_______ Lee to help you".
a. Have b. Let c. Ask d. Make
17. "Did you paint our house yourself?" "No, I had some friends_______ me"
a. help b. helped b. to help d. to help to
18. Photocopiers are used_______ of a written text.
a. to make copies b. to making copies c. make copies d. making copies
19. "Do you like being married?" "Yes, but I'm not use_______ every night".
a. to cook b. to cooking c. cooking d. to have cooked
20. "It’s warmer in her now". "Yes, I had Karen _______ then window.".
a. closed b. closing c. to close d. close
4. Đáp án
4.1. Exercise 1
|
1. to accept |
2. having |
3. going |
4. to reach |
5. opening |
|
6. leaving |
7. to return |
8. buying |
9. to accept |
10. being |
|
11. to be |
12. to finish |
13. to leave |
14. to tell |
15. to stop |
|
16. driving |
17. to know |
18. returning |
19. leaving |
20. leaving |
4.2. Exercise 2
|
1. making |
2. listening |
3. applying |
4. washing |
|
5. being |
6. working |
7. using |
8. seeing |
|
9. writing |
10. being |
11. trying |
4.3. Exercise 3
|
1b |
2a |
3d |
4c |
5a |
6a |
7c |
8d |
9b |
|
|
10d |
11d |
12d |
13d |
14c |
15a |
16a |
17a |
18d |
19b |
4.4. Exercise 4
|
1b |
2b |
3d |
4c |
5a |
6a |
7b |
8c |
9a |
10d |
|
11b |
12c |
13b |
14d |
15a |
16a |
17b |
18d |
19a |
20b |
4.5. Exercise 5
|
1c |
2a |
3d |
4b |
5a |
6c |
7d |
8b |
9a |
10b |
|
11c |
12d |
13a |
14b |
15d |
16c |
17d |
18c |
19a |
20b |
4.6. Exercise 6
|
1b |
2b |
3a |
4c |
5b |
6a |
7b |
8a |
9d |
10a |
|
11b |
12a |
13a |
14b |
15c |
16b |
17b |
18a |
19d |
20d |
4.7. Exercise 7
|
1b |
2b |
3b |
4c |
5d |
6d |
7a |
8c |
9b |
10b |
|
11a |
12c |
13d |
14a |
15b |
16c |
17d |
18b |
19b |
20c |
4.8. Exercise 8
|
1d |
2a |
3c |
4b |
5a |
6d |
7d |
8d |
9a |
10b |
|
11d |
12a |
13b |
14d |
15c |
16c |
17a |
18a |
19b |
20d |
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Mời các em tham khảo các tài liệu có liên quan:
- Chuyên đề Phân từ trong Tiếng Anh
- Ngân hàng câu hỏi trắc nghiệm ngữ pháp có đáp án Tiếng Anh 11
- Tổng hợp toàn bộ cấu trúc động từ To V và Ving thường gặp
Chúc các em học tập tốt!
