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ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KÌ 1 MÔN TIẾNG ANH 11 NĂM 2021-2022
1. Nội dung lý thuyết
MODAL VERBS: SHOULD & OUGHT TO; MUST & HAVE TO (Động từ khuyết thiếu: nên; phải)
1.1. MUST & HAVE TO
1.1.1. Must
- Diễn đạt sự cần thiết hoặc bắt buộc phải làm điều gì ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Eg: You must get up earlier in the morning.
(Buổi sáng con phải dậy sớm hơn đấy.)
- Đưa ra lời suy luận chắc chắn.
Eg: You must be hungry after a long walk.
(Hẳn là bạn phải đói buujng sau chuyến đi bộ dài.)
- Đưa ra lời khuyên hoặc lời yêu cầu được nhấn mạnh.
Eg: You must be here before 8 o’clock tomorrow.
(Sáng mai, anh phải có mặt tại đây trước 8 giờ.)
1.1.2. Have to
Cả must và have to đều dùng để diễn đạt sự cần thiết phải làm điều gì đó.
Tuy nhiên, có sự khác nhau.
- Must: sự bắt buộc đến từ phía người nói (là mong muốn và cảm xúc của người nói.)
- Have to: sự bắt buộc do tình thế hoặc điều kiện bên ngoài (nội quy, luật pháp, quy định ..)
I really must stop smoking. I want to do (Tôi phải bỏ thuốc lá. Vì tôi muốn thế.)
I have to stop smoking. Doctor’s order. (Tô phải bỏ hút thuốc. Lệnh của bác sỹ đấy.)
- Mustn’t: không được phép (chỉ sự cấm đoán)
- Don’t have to = don’t need to (không cần thiết)
Eg: You mustn’t wear bare feet in this lab.
(Bạn không được phép đi chân không vào phòng thí nghiệm.)
You don’t have to wash those glasses. They are clean.
(Không cần rửa những cái kính đó đâu. Chúng sạch mà.)
1.1.3. SHOULD & OUGHT TO
- Should
- Chỉ sự bắt buộc hay bổn phận, nhưng không mạnh bằng Must (với Should bạn có thể lựa chọn việc thực hiện hay không thực hiện, còn must thì không có sự chọn lựa.)
Eg: Applications should be sent before December 8th .
(Đơn xin việc phải được gửi đến trước ngày 8 tháng 12.)
- Đưa ra lời khuyên hoặc ý kiến.
Eg: You shouldn’t drive so fast. It’s very dangerous.
- Suy đoán hoặc kết luận điều gì đó có thể xảy ra (người nói mong đợi điều gì đó xảy ra.)
Eg: Anna has been studying hard for the exam, so she should pass.
(Anna đã học hành rất chăm chỉ. Chắc cô ấy sẽ thi đậu thôi.)
- Ought to
- Chỉ sự bắt buộc hay bổn phận . Nghĩa tương tự như should và không mạnh bằng Must.
Eg: You ought not to eat sweets at nights.
(Con không được ăn kẹo vào buổi tối nhé.)
- Đưa ra lời khuyên hoặc kiến nghị.
Eg: There ought to be traffic lights at this crossroads.
(Nên có đèn giao thông tại ngã tư này.)
1.2. LINKING VERBS: be, seem, verbs of perception
“Linking verb” dùng khi nối chủ ngữ và vị ngữ (vị ngữ là một tính từ) để chỉ tình trạng của đồ vật, người hay sự việc nào đó.
Có một nhóm các động từ đặc biệt có chức năng nối giữa chủ ngữ và vị ngữ tính từ. Không giống các động từ khác, chúng không thể hiện hành động. Do vậy chúng được bổ nghĩa bởi tính từ chứ không phải phó từ. Người ta gọi chúng là liên động từ (linking verb). Đó là những động từ ở bảng sau:
be |
become |
remain |
stay |
Eg: Mary feels bad about her test grade.
(Mary thấy áy náy về điểm của bài kiểm tra.)
Chú ý: feel, look, smell và taste cũng có thể là ngoại động từ khi nó có tân ngữ trựC tiếp. Trong trường hợp đó, nó trở thành một động từ mô tả hành động thực sự chứ không còn là một hệ từ (linking verb) và do đó nó được bổ nghĩa bởi phó từ chứ không phải tính từ. Chúng được phép chia ở thì tiếp diễn.
Eg: The doctor felt the leg carefully to see if there were any broken bones.
(Vị bác sĩ sờ nắn chân một cách cẩn thận để xem có còn cái xương gãy nào nữa không.)
1.3. CLEFT SENTENCES: It is/ was…that…
1.3.1. Định nghĩa câu chẻ.
Câu chẻ hay còn gọi là câu nhấn mạnh (Cleft sentences ) theo đúng như tên gọi của nó, dùng để khi ta muốn nhấn mạnh vào một đối tượng hay sự việc nào đó. Câu thường chia làm hai vế, một vế chính và một vế là mệnh đề quan hệ sử dụng that, who, when, while…
1.3.2. Cấu trúc câu chẻ : It + be + …. that + …
1.3.3. Phân loại câu chẻ :
Ta có thể nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, trạng ngữ của câu bằng cách đưa chúng vào giữa It be và that
- Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ
* It is/was + S (người) + who/that + V
* It is/was + S (vật) + that + V
Eg : Mr. Hung teaches English at my school.
=> It is Mr Hung who/that teaches English at my school
My dog made neighbors very scared.
=> It was my dog that made neighbors very scared
- Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh tân ngữ
* It is/was + O (người) + that/whom + S + V
* It is/was + O (danh từ riêng) + that + S + V
* It is/was +O (vật)+ that + S + V.
EX1 : He gave his wife the whole confidential document.
=> It was his wife that/whom he gave the whole confidential document.
1.4. TO – INFINITIVES AFTER NOUNS/ ADJECTIVES (To – V sau danh từ/ tính từ)
1. Chúng ta có thể sử dụng To – V đứng sau tính từ để đưa ra lý do cho tính từ đó.
S + linking verb + adjectives + to – V
Linking verb: be, appear, feel, become, seem, look, remain, sound, smell, stay, taste
Adjectives: glad, happy, lucky, amazed, surprised, proud, determined, pleased, sorry, disappointed, sad, afraid
Eg: I am happy to see my former teacher again.
(Tôi rất vui khi gặp lại giáo viên cũ.)
2. Chúng ta có thể sử dụng To – V trong cấu trúc với “It” và tính từ để đưa ra lời nhận xét hoặc đánh giá.
It + linking verb + adjectives (for somebody) + to – V
Adjectives: easy, difficult, hard, interesting, boring, nice, great, good, possible, impossible , likely, important, necessary, unreasonable.
Eg: It is interesting to talk to him.
(Thật thú vị để nói chuyện với anh ấy.)
3. Chúng ta có thể sử dụng To – V sau những danh từ trừu tượng để nói về những hành động mà những danh từ ấy liên quan tới.
Noun + to – V
Nouns: advice, ability, ambition, anxiety , attempt, chance, decision, dream, failure, permission, chance, plan, request, wish, way , demand, determination, effort, offer, willingness.
Eg: Your dream to become a teacher will come true.
(Giấc mơ để trở thành giáo viên của bạn sẽ thành sự thật. )
1.5. THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT PERFECT (Thì quá khứ đơn và thi hiện tại hoàn thành)
1.5.1. THE PAST SIMPLE (Thì quá khứ đơn)
Form:
Động từ TOBE |
Động từ thường |
|
|
- I/She/he/It + was + Noun / Adjective - You/We/They + were + Noun / Adjective Eg: + I was short when I was a child. |
S + V-ed/ PI-cột 2 trong bảng Động từ bất quy tắc Eg: + He watched cartoon yesterday. |
|
- I/She/he/It + wasn’t + Noun/Adjective - You/We/They + weren't + Noun / Adjective Eg: + I wasn't a lazy student. |
S + didn’t + V ... Eg: + He didn’t watch cartoon yesterday.
|
|
- Were you/we/they + Noun / adjective...? + Yes, I was / Yes, they/we were. + No, I wasn't / No, they/we weren't. - Was I/she/he/it + Noun / adjective...? + Yes, she/he/it was. + No, she/he/it wasn't. Eg: + Were you a doctor? => Yes, I was + Was she a beautiful girl? => No, she wasn't. |
Did + S + V...? +Yes, S + did. +No, S + didn't
Eg: + Did he watch cartoon yesterday => Yes, I did. |
Usage:
- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt hoán toàn trong quá khứ.
Eg: We was born in 1998.
- Diễn tả một chuỗi các hành động liên tiếp xảy ra trong quá khứ.
Eg: Last night, I watched TV, went the bed and then went to sleep.
(Đêm qua tôi xem TV, dọn giường và sau đó đi ngủ.)
Adverb:
- yesterday: hôm qua
- the day before yesterday: hôm kia
- 3 years/4 days ago: cách đây 3/4 năm
- last Tueday/year...: thứ 3 tuần trước/ năm ngoái
- in + mốc thời gian trong quá khứ.
1.5.2. THE PRESENT PERFECT (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
Form:
(+) |
I/You/We/They + have + PII |
She/He/It + has PII |
(-) |
I/You/We/They + haven't (have not) + PII |
She/He/It + hasn't (has not) PII |
(?) |
Have + you/we/they + PII...? - Yes, I/we/they have - No, I/we/they haven't |
Has + She/He/It + PII...? - Yes, she/he/it has - No, she/he/it hasn't |
Usage:
Diễn tả hành động mà xảy ra trong quá khứ mà kết quả của nó còn liên quan đến hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
- Hành động vừa mới xảy ra, vừa mới kết thúc, thường đi với trạng từ “just”
Eg. We have just bought a new car.
-Hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ , còn kéo dài đến hiện tại và có khả năng tiếp tục ở tương lai.
Eg. You have studied English for five years.
-Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà không biết rõ thời gian.
Eg. I have gone to Hanoi.
-Hành động được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần ở quá khứ.
Eg. We have seen Titanic three times.
-Dùng sau những từ so sánh ở cấp cao nhất.( trong lời bình phẩm)
Eg. It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.
- Dùng với This is the first/ second time, it’s the first time.........
Eg. This is the first time I’ve lost my way.
-Dùng với “this morning/ this evening/ today/ this week/ this term”...... khi những thời gian này vẫn còn trong lúc nói.
Eg. I haven’t seen Joana this morning. Have you seen her?
Adverbs :
- just, recently, lately :gần đây, vừa mới
- ever :đã từng
- never :chưa bao giờ
- already :rồi
- yet: chưa (dùng trong câu phủ định và nghi vấn)
- since :từ khi (chỉ thời điểm mà hành động bắt đầu)
- for : khoảng (chỉ khoảng thời gian của hành động )
- so far = until now = up to now = up to the present : cho đến nay, cho đến tận bây giờ
1.6. GERUNDS AND STATE VERBS IN CONTINUOUS FORMS (V-ing và động từ trạng thái trong dạng tiếp diễn)
- Gerunds
A gerund is the –ing form of a verb that functions as a noun. (Danh động từ là dạng –ing của một động từ có chức năng như một danh từ.)
1. It can be used as the subject of a sentence (Nó có thể được sử dụng làm chủ ngữ của câu)
Eg: Applying for the Asean Scholarships is difficult. (Nộp đơn xin học bổng Asean rất khó.)
2. It can be used as an object after some verbs, verbs and prepositions, and phrases (Nó có thể được sử dụng như một tân ngữ sau một số động từ, động từ và giới từ, và cụm từ)
- Verbs: avoid (tránh), consider (cân nhắc), dislike (không thích), enjoy (thích), finish (kết thúc), imagine (tưởng tượng), involve (để tâm, tham gia), practice (thực hành), suggest (đề nghị), mind (làm phiền), recommend (giới thiệu, tiến cử) etc.
Eg: My father’s work involves travelling around the world.
- Verbs and prepositions: agree with (đồng ý), apologise for (xin lỗi), concetrate on (tập trung), depend on (phụ thuộc), dream of (mơ), insist on (nài nỉ), etc.
Eg: Asean focuses on improving member states’ economies.
- Pharses: can’t help (không thể không), can’t stand (không thể không), feel like (cảm thấy), be worth (đáng làm gì), no use/good (vô ích)
Eg: It’s worth visiting Hoi An Ancient Town in VietNam.
- State verbs
“State verbs” miêu tả 1 trạng thái hoặc 1 điều kiện mà không thay đổi và kéo dài khoảng 1 thời gian. Những động từ này thường không được sử dụng trong thì tiếp diễn.
Các động từ thông dụng:
- Động từ chỉ suy nghĩ và quan điểm: believe (tin tưởng), think (nghĩ), know (biết), remember (nhớ), doubt (nghi ngờ), guess (đoán), etc.
- Động từ chỉ cảm xúc: like (thích), hope (hy vọng), love (yêu), prefer (thích hơn), want (muốn), wish (ước), desire (mong muốn), etc.
- Động từ để miêu tả cảm giác: see (nhìn), smell (ngửi), hear (nghe), etc.
- Động từ khác: be, have (có), consist (bao gồm), belong (thuộc về), concern (quan tâm), etc.
Eg: I know that ASEAN stands for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
(Tôi biết rằng Asean viết tắt của hiệp hội các nước Đông Nam Á.)
2. Bài tập ôn tập
SHOULD & OUGHT TO
Underline the correct answer.
Question 1. It's cold. You should/shouldn't turn on the fan.
Question 2. You ought not to/ought to do homework before you go out with your friends.
Question 3. You should/shouldn't eat plenty of fruit or vegetables every day in order to keep healthy
Question 4. You ought to/ought not to drink a lot of water every day.
Question 5. She should/ shouldn’t go out late at night because of danger.
Question 6. He ought to/ oughtn't to find another solution to this problem if he doesn't want to get fired.
Question 7. You ought to/ oughtn't to stay up at night, which is not good for your health.
Question 8. She is an expert adviser; thus, I think you ought to/ oughtn’t to ask her for some advice.
Question 9. We should/ shouldn’t show respect to our parents.
Question 10. You should/ shouldn’t ask your teacher if you don't understand the lesson.
MUST & HAVE TO
Underline the correct answer.
Question 1. You must/mustn't eat in the class.
Question 2. I don’t have to/ have to submit my homework before 12 o'clock because the deadline is 12 o'clock.
Question 3. I must/ mustn’t stay at home to take care of my children.
Question 4. My friend says: "You don't have to/ mustn't drink champagne. You can have a coke or fruit juice instead”.
Question 5. You don't have to/ mustn't drink if you're going to drive afterwards.
Question 6. You don't have to/ mustn't pick up Tom at the airport because Judy will pick him up.
Question 7. She doesn’t have to/ has to speak English well because her current job needs it.
Question 8. He must/ mustn’t save up his money so as to buy a new house next year.
Question 9. We don’t have to/ have to buy souvenirs for Sally. She doesn't like them.
Question 10. I don’t have to/ have to submit my essay last night. My teacher set the deadline on that day.
MODAL VERBS: SHOULD & OUGHT TO; MUST & HAVE TO
Complete the sentences using “should /shouldn’t, ought/ oughtn’t” or “must / mustn’t, have to / has to” or “don’t / doesn’t have to”.
Question 1. Your grandparents live far from you, so you _______talk to them on the phone regularly.
Question 2. I can watch TV and play computer games on Sunday because I ________go to school that day.
Question 3. You are going to a concert, so you _______ to wear your old jeans.
Question 4. I ______ stay overnight at my friend’s house. My parents are very strict about this.
Question 5. You ________stare at the computer screen for too long. It is really bad for your eyesight.
Question 6. I ______ go home now to finish my homework.
Question 7. You ______ talk to your grandparents more often so that you can understand them better.
Question 8. My grandparents live in the suburbs, so whenever we visit them, we ______ take a bus.
Question 9. You ______ become more responsible by sharing the housework with other people in our family.
Question 10. She ______ stay at home to look after her children because there is no one to help her.
LINKING VERBS: be, seem, verbs of perception
Choose the best answer.
Question 1. Tom sounded _____ when I spoke to him on the phone.
A. angry B. angrily
C. to be angry D. to be angrily
Question 2. The garden looks _____ since you tidied it up.
A. better B. well
C. more good D. more well
Question 3. Your English is improving. It is getting ______.
A. well B. good
C. much well D. clearly
Question 4. The chef tasted the meat _____ before presenting it to the President.
A. cautious B. more cautious
C. cautiously D. much cautiously
Question 5. He did not come and she looked rather _____.
A. worry B. worrying
C. worrier D. worried
Question 6. I’ll feel _____ when my exams are over.
A. happily B. more happily
C. happy D. more happy
Question 7. Although the dish smelt _____, he refused to eat saying that he was not hungry.
A. bad B. good C. well D. worse
Question 8. The fish tastes _____, I won’t eat it.
A. awful B. awfully C. more awfully D. as awful
Question 9. The situation looks _______. We must do something.
A. good B. well C. bad D. badly
Question 10. He seemed to me a bit _____ today.
A. badly B. awfully C. strangely D. strange
CLEFT SENTENCES
Rewrite the following sentences, using the cleft structure "It is/ was... that" to emphasize the underlined words or phrases.
Question 1. Dating is left for the college years in Japan.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 2. Girls are to buy boys white chocolate on Valentine’s Day in Japan.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 3. The boy must give the girl twice as much chocolate.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 4. A South Korean boy often holds his girlfriend’s handbag during a date.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 5. Once married, the South Korean man expects his wife to be a more traditional woman.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 6. Dating is not allowed until the age of 15 in Central and South America.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 7. In Italy and Switzerland, teens gathered for parties at a home and slept there when the party was over.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 8. People in the Netherlands have fewer dating rules than any other places in the world.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 9. Kissing is considered as a part of getting to know each other in Brazil.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 10. A girl’s parents often do a background check on her boyfriend in Italy.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
TO – INFINITIVES AFTER NOUNS/ ADJECTIVES
I. Combine the sentences, using to-infinitives.
1. I recognize that I could work more effectively with my time log. I was amazed.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. No one can focus and produce really high-quality work without giving their brains some time to rest and recharge. It is impossible.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. You should make a list of attainable goals that you can achieve. It is important.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Use an electronic calendar to write down the things you need to do, including appointments and deadlines. It is very simple.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Don’t read funny emails or check Facebook first. It is neither urgent nor important.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
II. Combine the sentences, using “adjective + for somebody + to-infinitive”.
1. Parents can help build a child’s independence by encouraging good habits. It’s very important.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Customers have to read fabric care labels and recognize which clothes require dry cleaning. It’s necessary.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Parents pick their children up from school. It is both urgent and important.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Students learn to prioritise their tasks. It is essential.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. All of us focus and concentrate on one thing at a time. It is reasonable.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
III. Rewrite the sentences, using the nouns in brackets and a to-infinitive so that the new sentences have the closest meaning to the given ones.
1. If you don’t want to cook, invest in a microwave. (desire)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. We should be able to take a leadership role within group situations. (ability)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Action Priority Matrix can help you prioritize effectively. (tool)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. To use a time log is useful for eliminating wasted time. (way)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. You can ask your tutor if you may submit an assignment late if necessary. (permission)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT PERFECT
Question 1. In the past, health care in some rural areas of this country_______ by only a small number of doctors and nurses.
A. is provided B. provided C. provides D. was provided
Question 2. Last Sunday, the Youth Union __________ a campaign to help students with disabilities.
A. has launched B. launched
C. was launched D. was launching
Question 3. Recently, a gang of enterprising New Zealanders __________ an incredible scheme to raise awareness of depression and mental health issues.
A. has introduced B. had introduced
C. introduced D. was introduced
Question 4. “How many aid packages_______ so far?” – “Ten”.
A. Do you prepare B. did you prepare
C. Have you prepared D. had you prepared
Question 5. I’m a keen golfer and I _______three golfing days that_______ £6,000, £8,000 and £5,000 last year.
A. organised/raised B. were organising/raised
C. have organised/raised D. organised/have raised
Question 6. I _______ to help students at a special school twice since I finished grade 11.
A. have volunteered B. had volunteered
C. was volunteering D. volunteered
Question 7. It is now over seventy years since Lindbergh ________ across the Atlantic.
A. has been flying B. flew
C. had flown D. has flown
Question 8. My plan ______ to raise awareness, especially for young people, of the importance of keeping fit for the past two months.
A. Are B. has been C. have been D. was
Question 9. When he ______ ten years old, Louis Braille ________ the National Institute for the Blind in Paris.
A. was/entered B. was/was entering
C. was/was entered D. was/would enter
Question 10. Former special education teacher Ashman, 74,___________ involved in fundraising 20 years ago.
A. got B. has got C. had got D. has been getting
GERUNDS AND STATE VERBS IN CONTINUOUS FORMS
Give the correct verb form:
Question 1. Watching sepak takraw in play feels more like (watch) ______ a dance performance than a game.
Question 2. In Luang Prabang, foreign visitors enjoy (visit) ______ local markets, temples and pagodas.
Question 3. We dreamt of (hike) ______ to the top of the mountain to see the Preah Vihear Temple in Cambodia.
Question 4. The tour guide recommends (make) ______ a tour of the Bolaven Plateau in Laos.
Question 5. Travelling on a cruise boat down the Tonle Sap and the Mekong River enables you (enjoy) ______ the beautiful landscape of Cambodian countryside.
Question 6. Singapore succeeded in (move) ______ street food sellers into food centers.
Question 7. It will always be good (have) ______ the umbrella with you when come to Singapore.
Question 8. After our visit to Singapore, we wanted (share) ______ our holiday memories with others by writing blogs.
Question 9. At present, the ASEAN leaders (work) ______together to solve the East Sea dispute through multilateral dialogue.
Question 10. Javanese batik (display) ______the peoples’ view of the universe.
Question 11. Several secondary schools in Brunei (now/use) ______exftacurricular activities to increase awareness of the importance of preserving traditional dance.
Question 12. Visitors (see) ______ the process of making batik material in small villages in Sumatra, Indonesia.
Question 13. The ASEAN member states (focus) ______on the formulation of a “code of conduct” (COC) in the sea region now.
Question 14. Singapore (consist) ______of one main island and 63 other tiny islands.
Question 15. It is very difficult for us to learn Malay in Viet Nam, so we consider (study) ______ it in Malayia.
3. Đáp án
SHOULD & OUGHT TO
Question 1. shouldn't |
Question 6. ought to |
Question 2. ought to |
Question 7. oughtn’t to |
Question 3. should |
Question 8. ought to |
Question 4. ought to |
Question 9. should |
Question 5. shouldn't |
Question 10. should |
MUST & HAVE TO
Question 1. mustn’t |
Question 6. don't have to |
Question 2. have to |
Question 7. has to |
Question 3. must |
Question 8. must |
Question 4. mustn’t |
Question 9. don’t have to |
Question 5. mustn’t |
Question 10. have to |
MODAL VERBS: SHOULD & OUGHT TO; MUST & HAVE TO
Question 1. should |
Question 6. must/ have to |
Question 2. don’t have to |
Question 7. should |
Question 3. oughtn’t |
Question 8. must/ have to |
Question 4. mustn’t |
Question 9. should |
Question 5. should |
Question 10. must |
LINKING VERBS: be, seem, verbs of perception
Question 1. A |
Question 6. C |
Question 2. A |
Question 7. B |
Question 3. B |
Question 8. A |
Question 4. C |
Question 9. C |
Question 5. D |
Question 10. D |
CLEFT SENTENCES: It is/ was…that…
Question 1. It is for the college years that dating is left in Japan.
Question 2. It is girls who/that are to buy boys white chocolate on Valentine’s Day in Japan.
Question 3. It is girls who/that must give the girl twice as much chocolate.
Question 4. It is his girlfriend’s handbag that a South Korean often holds during a date.
Question 5. It is a more traditional woman that/whom once married, the South Korean man expects his wife to be.
Question 6. It is until the age of 15 that dating is not allowed in Central and South America.
Question 7. It was In Italy and Switzerland that teens gathered for parties at a home and slept there when the party was over.
Question 8. It is in the Netherlands that people have fewer dating rules than any other places in the world.
Question 9. It is kissing that is considered as a part of getting to know each other in Brazil.
Question 10. It is a background check that a girl’s parents often do on her boyfriend in Italy.
TO – INFINITIVES AFTER NOUNS/ ADJECTIVES
I. Combine the sentences, using to-infinitives.
Question 1. I was amazed to recognize that I could work more effectively with my time log.
Question 2. It is impossible for anyone to focus and produce really high-quality work without giving their brains some time to rest and recharge.
Question 3. It is important to make a list of attainable goals that you can achieve.
Question 4. It is very simple to use an electronic calendar to write down the things you need to do, including appointments and deadlines.
Question 5. It is neither urgent nor important to read funny emails or check Facebook first.
II. Combine the sentences, using “adjective + for somebody + to-infinitive”.
Question 1. It’s very important for parents to help build a child’s independence by encouraging good habits.
Question 2. It’s necessary for customers have to read fabric care labels and recognize which clothes require dry cleaning.
Question 3. It is both urgent and important for parents to pick their children up from school.
Question 4. It is essential for students to learn to prioritize their tasks.
Question 5. It is reasonable for all of us to focus and concentrate on one thing at a time.
III. Rewrite the sentences, using the nouns in brackets and a to-infinitive so that the new sentences have the closest meaning to the given ones.
Question 1. If you have no desire to cook, invest in a microwave.
Question 2. We should have ability to take a leadership role within group situations.
Question 3. Action Priority Matrix is a/ one tool to help you prioritize effectively.
Question 4. One useful way to eliminate wasted time is to use a time log.
Question 5. You can ask your tutor for permission to submit an assignment late if necessary.
THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT PERFECT
Question 1. D |
Question 6. A |
Question 2. B |
Question 7. B |
Question 3. A |
Question 8. B |
Question 4. C |
Question 9. A |
Question 5. A |
Question 10. A |
GERUNDS AND STATE VERBS IN CONTINUOUS FORMS
Question 1. watching |
Question 6. moving |
Question 11. are now using |
Question 2. visiting |
Question 7. to have |
Question 12. see |
Question 3. hiking |
Question 8. to share |
Question 13. are focusing |
Question 4. making |
Question 9. are working |
Question 14. consists |
Question 5. to enjoy |
Question 10. displays |
Question 15. studying |
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