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ÔN TẬP KIẾN THỨC CẤU TRÚC ENOUGH TRONG TIẾNG ANH
1. Lý thuyết
1.1. Enough là gì?
Enough trong tiếng Anh có nghĩa là đủ tuy nhiên đôi khi “enough” được sử dụng với nhiều mục đích khác nhau do trong mỗi hoàn cảnh ý nghĩa “đủ” của nó cũng khác nhau. “Enough” có thể được sử dụng để chỉ số lượng hay kích cỡ của một sự vật nào đó có vừa không, có đủ không.
Ví dụ:
– I don’t have enough money to buy this skirt.
– She is intelligent enough to solve that problem.
1.2. Cấu trúc
a, Cấu trúc enough dạng khẳng định
“Enough” được sử dụng sau tính từ và trạng từ kết hợp với nó là động từ nguyên thể có “to”
– S + tobe + adj + enough + (for SB) + to V nguyên thể
– S + V + adv + enough + (for SB) + to V nguyên thể
Ví dụ:
+ The weather is beautiful enough to have a picnic.
+ I am tall enough to take a book on the top of shelf.
+ My hair has long enough to tie.
b, Cấu trúc enough dạng phủ định:
– S + tobe not + adj + enough + (for SB) + to V nguyên thể
– S + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t +V + adv + enough + (for SB) + to V nguyên thể
Ví dụ:
+ He isn’t strong enough to lift this box.
+ I am not hardworking enough to do homework.
+ She isn’t tall enough to become a model.
c, Cấu trúc enough với danh từ
Khi “Enough” kết hợp với danh từ thì “enough” đứng trước danh từ
S + V + enough + noun + (for SB) + to V nguyên thể
Ví dụ:
+ He doesn’t have enough time to fix his car.
+ This car doesn’t have enough seat for 6 people.
+ I don’t have enough money to buy car.
1.3. Quy tắc cần nhớ khi dùng Enough
Quy tắc 1:
Nếu trước tính từ, trạng từ trong câu có các trạng từ: too, so, very, quite, extremely…; hoặc trước danh từ có many, much, a lot of, lots of…thì phải bỏ
Ví dụ:
She is very tall. She can become a model
=> She is very tall enough to become a model (SAI)
=> She is tall enough to become a model (ĐÚNG)
Quy tắc 2:
Khi nối câu bằng “enough", nếu chủ ngữ ở 2 câu giống nhau thì lược bỏ “for sb”
Ví dụ:
Helen is intelligent. Helen can become a teacher
=> Helen is intelligent enough for her to become a teacher (SAI)
=> Helen is intelligent enough to become a teacher (ĐÚNG)
* Lưu ý: Nếu chủ từ của câu sau có ý chung chung thì cũng có thể bỏ “for sb”
Ví dụ: The weather is warm. We can live on it.
=> The weather is warm enough to live on. (“we” ở đây chỉ chung chung, mọi người)
Quy tắc 3:
Khi nối câu bằng “enough”, nếu chủ ngữ của câu thứ nhất trùng với tân ngữ của câu 2 (là một) thì khi ghép 2 câu ta loại bỏ phần tân ngữ của câu sau
Ví dụ:
The water is quite cold. I can’t drink it.
=> The water isn’t warm enough for me to drink it. (SAI)
=> The water isn’t warm enough for me to drink. (ĐÚNG)
2. Bài tập
Exercise 1. Use ENOUGH and one word from the box to complete each sentence.
a.
Adjectives: big, old, warm, well
Nouns: cups, milk, money, qualifications, time, room
1. She shouldn’t get married. She’s not .......................
2. I’d like to bye a car but I haven’t got .......................
3. Have you got ....................... in your tea or would you like some more ?
4. Are you ....................... ? Or shall I swish on the heating ?
5. It’s only a small car. There isn’t ....................... for all of you.
6. Steve didn’t feel ....................... to go to work this morning.
7. I didn’t answer all the questions in the exam. I didn’t have .......................
8. Do you think I’ve got .............................................. to apply for the job ?
9. Try this jacket on to see if it’s ....................... for you.
10. There weren’t ....................... for everybody to have coffee at the same time.
b.
warm, time, fast, long, money, information, tall, people
1. I can’t give you an answer because I don’t have .........................................
2. I couldn’t run .......................
3. The ladder wasn’t ....................... to reach the window.
4. There aren’t ....................... to make a club of stamps collectors.
5. Do you have ....................... to buy her a present?
6. The pants weren’t ....................... to fit my brother.
7. The weather isn’t ....................... for us to go swimming.
8. Did you have ....................... to answer all the questions in the test?
Exercise 2: Combine each pair of sentences, using “ENOUGH”.
1. The moon is bright. I can read a book by it.
2. I have enough money. I can pay this bill.
3. These rubber trees are big. They can give us milky liquid.
4. This novel is interesting. We can read it.
5. This kind of rubber is good. We can use it to make tires for cars.
6. We think you are very strong. You can lift this table.
7. He has no time. He can’t finish this work.
8. My friend is quite well. She can work again.
9. There isn’t enough time. The pupils can’t write this essay.
10. She doesn’t explain this exercise clearly. Her pupils can’t do it.
Exercise 3: Combine these sentences, using enough.
1. She’s not old. She can’t get married yet.
2. This coat isn’t strong. I can’t wear it in winter.
3. That chair isn’t strong. We can’t stand on that chair.
4. Are you very tall? Can you reach the top shelf?
5. It’s not warm today. We can’t go outside.
6. I’m not strong. I can’t lift this box.
7. Tom doesn’t have money. He can’t pay his bills.
8. This bed isn’t wide. Two people can’t sleep in the bed.
9. The water wasn’t clean. We couldn’t swim in it.
10. He wasn’t experienced. He can’t do that job.
11. I don’t have money. I can’t lend you some.
12. He is hungry. He can eat 3 sandwiches.
13. Peter isn’t tired. He can’t stay at home alone.
14. This seat isn’t wide. We can’t sit on it.
15. Susan isn’t old. She can’t stay at home alone.
16. That box is light. She can lift it.
17. I didn’t have time. I can eat breakfast this morning.
18. This shirt is big. He can wear it.
19. Mary doesn’t have money. She can’t buy a new bicycle.
20. It’s warm tonight. We can go out.
ĐÁP ÁN
Exercise 1
a.
1. old enough
2. enough money
3. enough milk
4. warm enough
5. enough room
6. well enough
7. enough time
8. enough qualifications
9. big enough
10. enough cups
b.
1. enough information
2. fast enough
3. tall enough
4. enough people
5. enough money
6. long enough
7. warm enough
8. enough time
Exercise 2
1 - The moon is bright enough for me to read a book.
2 - I have enough money to pay this bill.
3 - These rubber trees are big enough for us to give milky liquid.
4 - This novel is interesting enough to read.
5 - This kind of rubber is good enough for us to make tires for cars.
6 - We think you are strong enough to lift this table.
7 - He has not enough time to finish this work.
8 - My friend is well enough to work again.
9 - There isn't enough time for pupils to write this essay.
10 - She doesn't explain this exercise clearly enough for her pupils do.
Exercise 3
1 - She is not old enough to get married.
2 - This coat isn't strong enough to wear in winter.
3 - That chair isn't strong enough for us to stand on.
4 - Are you tall enough to reach the top shelf?
5 - It is not warm enough for us to go outside.
6 - I am not strong enough to lift this box.
7 - Tom doesn't have enough money to pay his bills.
8 - This bed is not wide enough for two people to sleep in.
9 - The water wasn't clean enough for us to swim.
10 - He wasn't experienced enough to do that job.
11 - I don't have enough money to lend you some.
12 - He is hungry enough to eat 3 sandwiches.
13 - Peter isn't tired enough to stay at home alone.
14 - This seat isn't wide enough for us to sit on.
15 - Susan isn't old enough to stay at home alone.
16 - The box is light enough for her to lift.
17 - I didn't have enough time to eat breakfast this morning.
18 - This shirt is big enough for him to wear.
19 - Mary doesn't have enough money to buy a new bicycle.
20 - It's warm enough to go out.
........
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